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Marine Chondroitin Sulfate and Its Potential Applications
Published in Se-Kwon Kim, Marine Biochemistry, 2023
Chondroitin sulfate quality can be improved by employing protein isoelectric point. After washing and steam boiling the cartilage for extraction, NaOH and NaCl are added to the mixture. For the enzymatic procedure, pancreatin was added, followed by deproteination and concentration. Primary sedimentation and pH value adjustment were used to eliminate impurity protein, and secondary sedimentation was used to get chondroitin sulfate crude product. After initial sedimentation, precise pH correction is required, followed by removing impurity proteins mixed in chondroitin sulfate. The chondroitin sulfate obtained has a purity of above 97% (Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2008).
Pancreatitis—Chronic
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Pancreatic enzyme supplementation is warranted.6 Enteric-coated pancreatic enzymes are utilized for replacement of pancreatic function. Because of its higher enzyme content, pancrelipase formulations are favored over pancreatin preparations.7
Tracheal and Bronchial Developmental Abnormalities, and Inflammatory Diseases including Bronchiectasis, Cystic Fibrosis and Bronchiolitis.
Published in Fred W Wright, Radiology of the Chest and Related Conditions, 2022
Another abnormality which the radiologist should be aware of with this condition is 'meconium ileus of the adult' - i.e. inspissated distal small bowel content - Illus. MECONIUM ILEUS-ADULT. A dose of Gastrografin plus Maxalon (as used for a followthrough examination of the small intestine) will usually relieve it; similarly a Gastrografin enema if the colon is involved. In some cases a local inflammatory bowel reaction to drugs (e.g. pancreatin may lead to ulceration leading to stricture formation in the small bowel or ascending colon). Children may also develop an intussuception.
Preparation and evaluation of a lipid-based drug delivery system to ımprove valsartan oral bioavailability: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2022
Eda Gülmezoğlu, Gülbeyaz Yıldız Türkyılmaz, H. Yeşim Karasulu
In vitro lipolysis was performed on a pH-controlled automatic titrator (Titroline). Lipolysis of SEDDS formulations and the fat- and active ingredient-only forms were determined in separate experiments. For each experiment, a formulation containing 160 mg valsartan was added to a thermostat reaction vessel and dispersed in 18 ml digestion buffer (50 mM Trizma maleate, 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM CaCl2 2H2O). The pH was adjusted to 7.5 with 0.1 M NaOH. Lipolysis trials were initiated by adding 1 ml pancreatin extract, and the mixture was stirred at 37 °C ± 0.5 °C. Pancreatin extract was prepared by adding 1 g pancreatin (containing pancreatic lipase and co-lipase) to 5 ml digestive buffer. The mixture was stirred for 15 min, then centrifuged at 1600 rpm and 5 °C ± 0.1 °C for 15 min. The resulting liquid was collected and stored on ice. Pancreatin extracts were freshly prepared for each experiment. The pH-controlled automatic titrator was used to keep the pH at 7.50 ± 0.05 by titrating with 0.1 M NaOH. Titrant volumes were recorded at predetermined times (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min). The percentage of lipid digested (digestion %) was calculated from the amount of free fatty acid equal to the amount consumed. These amounts were plotted [20].
Pinocembrin polymeric micellar drug delivery system: preparation, characterisation and anti-hyperuricemic activity evaluation
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2022
Wanjing Rong, Xinyi Shen, Michael Adu-Frimpong, Qing He, Jian Zhang, Xiaoxiao Li, Xiaoli Xia, Feng Shi, Xia Cao, Hao Ji, Elmurat Toreniyazov, Qilong Wang, Jiangnan Yu, Ximing Xu
The PCB (purity 98%) was supplied by Chengdu Effa Biolog. Tech. Co., Ltd (Chengdu-China). Methyl alcohol (HPLC≥98%) and phosphate buffer solution (PBS) were provided by SinoPharm Chem. Reagent Co. Ltd (Shanghai-China). McLean Biochem. Tech. Co., Ltd (Shanghai-China) supplied ethanoic and phosphoric acids. Acetonitrile (HPLC≥98%) was bought from HoneyWell Burdick and Jackson (Muskegon, MI-USA). Manufacturing of double deionised water (DDW) was carried out in house via Millipore water purification system (Millipore Corp., Bedford, Massachusetts-USA). Commercially obtained other reagents of analytical grade were used for this study. DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) was bought from Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd. 3–(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), penicillin-streptomycin and high glucose Dulbecco’s modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) were obtained by Hyclone (USA). Foetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from Gibco (UK). Pancreatin was provided by Biosharp (China). Human Foreskin Fibroblasts (HFF) cells were obtained from college of pharmacy, Jiangsu University.
Recent advances in proteolytic stability for peptide, protein, and antibody drug discovery
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, 2021
Xianyin Lai, Jason Tang, Mohamed E.H. ElSayed
One peptidase mixture is so special that it has its own name, pancreatin. Pancreatin is a mixture containing various enzymes, principally amylases to catalyze the hydrolysis of starch into sugars, lipases to catalyze the hydrolysis of fats, and peptidases. It is obtained from the pancreas of swine or ox by precipitating the crude protein extraction from the pancreas homogenates using alcohol [49,50]. Five proteins, bovine serum albumin, ovomucoid, β-lactoglobulin A, β-lactoglobulin B, and lysozyme, were incubated with 10 mg/mL pancreatin in simulated intestinal fluid prepared as described in the United States Pharmacopoeia. The results showed that β-lactoglobulin A and β-lactoglobulin B were completely degraded within 2 min, while bovine serum albumin, ovomucoid, and lysozyme have 17.7%, 23.4%, and 22.8% degradation, respectively [51].