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Acne Vulgaris
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Niacin: Studies have shown that using both niacin (2,000 mg/day) and nicotinamide (600 mg/day) for 12 weeks can improve acne. The authors of one study concluded that niacin (500 mg q.i.d.) is an effective drug in the treatment of moderate and severe acne and that the therapeutic effect of niacin is more effective than nicotinamide.10
An Introduction to Metabolic Medicine
Published in Michael M. Rothkopf, Jennifer C. Johnson, Optimizing Metabolic Status for the Hospitalized Patient, 2023
Michael M. Rothkopf, Jennifer C. Johnson
Other examples of nutritional disease prevention come from the control of inherited metabolic disease. In phenylketonuria, neurologic manifestations can be reduced or eliminated by avoiding dietary phenylalanine (Macleod and Ney 2010; Rocha and MacDonald 2016). Adding folate to the diets of pregnant women reduces the occurrence of neural tube defects (Ryan-Harshman and Aldoori 2008; Greenberg et al. 2011). A similar potential may exist for adding nicotinamide during gestation to prevent congenital defects of vertebral, anal, cardiac, tracheo-esophageal, renal and limb origin (Shi et al. 2017).
Premalignant Neoplasms
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Management: AKs may be managed medically with topical or destructive approaches. Topical therapies include 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), imiquimod, ingenol mebutate, and photodynamic therapy. Destructive therapies include cryotherapy, curettage, and ablative laser resurfacing. Transplant patients given low-dose acitretin or isotretinoin can have significant reductions in the number of lesions. Oral nicotinamide may be effective for prevention in high-risk groups.
An expert update on novel therapeutic targets for hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease: preclinical and clinical innovations
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets, 2020
Mario Cozzolino, Markus Ketteler, Carsten Alexander Wagner
Takahashi and colleagues were the first to show the phosphate-lowering effect of nicotinamide in hemodialysis patients [112]. Sixty-five hemodialysis patients with a serum phosphate levels >6.0 mg/dL after a 2-week washout of calcium carbonate participated in the study. Nicotinamide was administered for 12 weeks at a starting dose of 500 mg/day and increased by 250 mg/day every 2 weeks until serum phosphate levels were <6.0 mg/dL. A 2-week post-treatment washout period followed the cessation of nicotinamide. The mean serum phosphate concentration was 5.4 ± 1.5 mg/dL at the beginning of the pre-treatment washout phase. During washout of the previous phosphate binder serum phosphate rose to 6.9 ± 1.5 mg/dL and decreased again to 5.4 ± 1.3 mg/dL during the 12-week nicotinamide treatment (P < 0.0001). At the end of this treatment phase, the mean daily nicotinamide dose was 1,080 ± 370 mg. Median serum iPTH levels decreased from the maximum 230 (90.8 to 582) pg/mL to 150 (57.6 to 518) pg/mL after the 12-week nicotinamide treatment (P < 0.05).
Preparation of stabilized submicron fenofibrate crystals on niacin as a hydrophilic hydrotropic carrier
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2020
Rasha A. Alshaikh, Ebtessam A. Essa, Gamal M. El Maghraby
The equilibrium solubility of fenofibrate in different niacin concentration is shown in Table 2. Fenofibrate has limited aqueous solubility in absence of niacin (0.18 μg/ml). The solubility increased progressively by increasing niacin concentration (Table 2). These data indicated significant increase in the solubility of fenofibrate in presence of high concentration of niacin highlighting the possible hydrotropic effect of niacin. Nicotinamide, a structurally related to niacin is widely used as a hydrotropic agent in the pharmaceutical field (Saleh and El-Khordagui 1985; Sanghvi et al. 2007; Kim et al. 2010). Sodium nicotinate and sodium isonicotinate were also employed as hydrotropes for solubilization of oxamniquine (Ammar and Khalil 1996). This effect can influence the dissolution rate of fenofibrate (to be researched in the proceeding sections).
New developments in pharmacotherapy for Friedreich ataxia
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2019
Alexandra Clay, Patrick Hearle, Kim Schadt, David R. Lynch
Nicotinamide, a form of Vitamin B3, structurally resembles to class 1 HDAC inhibitors and upregulates FXN expression [162]. In an open-label, dose-escalation study, Nicotinamide increased frataxin mRNA and protein, and reduced repressive histone modifications along FXN chromatin at doses up to 200 times the recommended daily allowance [163]. High doses of Nicotinamide were accompanied by side effects including nausea and vomiting in 100% and 50% of subjects, respectively [163]. This short-term study did not identify significant changes in neurological measures; studies of longer duration are necessary to further evaluate the impact and potential benefit of Nicotinamide in FRDA. Another planned study in the United Kingdom is testing the tolerability and efficacy of high dose (up to 8 g) nicotinamide in human FRDA subjects.