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Antihistamines, Decongestants, and Expectorants during Pregnancy
Published in “Bert” Bertis Britt Little, Drugs and Pregnancy, 2022
The frequency of congenital anomalies was not increased among over 1,000 infants exposed to meclizine in the first trimester (Heinonen et al., 1977). The risk of birth defects was not increased by first trimester exposure to meclizine in one cohort and three case-control studies (Greenberg et al., 1977; Mellin, 1964; Milkovich and van den Berg, 1976; Nelson and Forfar, 1971).
Antagonists at Muscarinic Cholinergic Receptors
Published in Kenneth J. Broadley, Autonomic Pharmacology, 2017
The central depressant effect of hyoscine was one of the earliest applications in the prevention of motion sickness. Hyoscine is very effective and probably the drug of choice for the prophylaxis of motion sickness arising from short-term exposures to severe motion. It does not stop nausea and vomiting that has already developed. Tablet forms are readily available (eg KwellsR), but for long-term relief transdermal administration has been shown to be particularly effective. The patches (Transderm Scopus, Scopaderm TTSUK) are applied behind the ear in the postauricular mastoid area, where efficient absorption takes place. Patches are changed every 72 hr, alternating the sides of application. The side-effects are predictably dry mouth, blurred vision and drowsiness. Nausea and dizziness may occur 3 days after withdrawal, perhaps due to a delay in the adaptation to motion because of the use of hyoscine (Price et al. 1981). Other motion sickness preventatives also owe their action largely to muscarinic receptor blockade; these include cyclizine, meclizine, dimenhydrinate and cinnarizine.
Development of palliative medicine in the United Kingdom and Ireland
Published in Eduardo Bruera, Irene Higginson, Charles F von Gunten, Tatsuya Morita, Textbook of Palliative Medicine and Supportive Care, 2015
Aprepitant was the first-in-class agent approved in 2003 by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist is used in combination with a serotonin inhibitor and dexamethasone for prevention of high to moderate emetogenic chemotherapies. Aprepitant is generally administered as a 3-day oral regimen of 125mg on day 1 and 80mg on days 2 and 3. Aprepitant is well tolerated with clinical studies reporting diarrhea, fatigue, headache, and hiccups [25,32-34]. sible drug-drug interactions. dosing options include Hydroxyzine 25-50 mg by mouth every 6 hoursMeclizine 25-50 mg by mouth every 6 hours
Safety of cetirizine in pregnancy
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2018
Amanda Golembesky, Maureen Cooney, Rossen Boev, Anne-Françoise Schlit, Jürgen W. G. Bentz
Although current evidence indicates that antihistamines used to treat AR and urticaria are well-tolerated during pregnancy, the data regarding foetal safety are inconclusive. Second-generation antihistamines, such as cetirizine (CTZ) and loratadine, are considered safe in pregnancy and are not associated with an increased risk for major congenital malformations (Li et al. 2013; Gonzalez-Estrada and Geraci 2016). Isolated cases of antihistamine use during pregnancy having adverse effects on outcomes have been described: one analysis found a strong, but very imprecise association of the maternal use of meclizine and a major congenital birth defect (cleft palate; posterior odds ratio: 6.16, 95% posterior confidence interval: 1.78, 21.33), however, these results warrant further investigations and interpretation (Gilboa et al. 2009).
Development and validation of LC/MS method for the determination of meclizine enantiomers in pharmaceutical formulations
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2021
Gowramma Byran, Senthil Kumar Ramachandran, Kaviarasan Lakshmanan, Kalirajan Rajagopal, Meyyanathan Subramania Nainar
Meclizine is available as tablet for the treatment of motion sickness and vertigo, but the safety and efficacy in children younger than 12 years have not been established. It has to be administered with caution in patients older than 65 years due to the risk of confusion and amnesia. The structure and biological behavior of meclizine is similar to buclizine, cetirizine, cyclizine and hydroxyzine [12]. Few analytical methods, such as UV spectrophotometric [13], high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS-MS), were reported for the quantification meclizine alone or along with other drugs. Enantiomer of drug substances shows different pharmacological action and metabolic process. One isomer may thus produce the desired therapeutic activities, while the other may be inactive or produce unwanted side effects. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is playing a more important role for the determination of enantiomers in the field of pharmaceutical industry. Meclizine has a stereo genic center is clinically administered as a racemic mixture, as per the review there is no method has been reported for the determination of degradation products in meclizine enantiomers by using polysaccharide cellulose 1 based chiral column. The aim of this study was to develop a simple, specific, sensitive and precise LC-MS method for the determination of meclizine enantiomers in pharmaceutical formulations. The aim of this study was to develop a simple, specific, sensitive and precise LC-MS method for the determination of meclizine enantiomers in pharmaceutical formulations.
The use of mastoid vibration with canalith repositioning procedure to treat persistent benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: A case report
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2018
Sean F. Griech, Melissa A. Carroll
The patient subsequently attended physical therapy at another clinic for five sessions over a two-month period; however, discontinued due to being dissatisfied with her lack of improvement. It was also noted that she had discontinued her regimen of Antivert® (Meclizine) during this initial course of physical therapy due to lack of improvement with taking it. She returned to her PCP and was ultimately referred to a comprehensive vestibular rehabilitation specialty clinic for a second opinion regarding her continued symptoms. Records were obtained from her previous physical therapy visits, and reviewed; indicating five sessions of CRP, as well as a Liberatory maneuver during one session, all with no change in symptoms.