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Understanding Microbiology Culture Results
Published in Firza Alexander Gronthoud, Practical Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2020
Intestinal parasites can be detected in stool using a direct wet preparation or an iodine stain (i.e. Giardia lamblia). With microscopy, trophozoites can be detected in the stool if either the stool is processed within 1 hour (‘hot stool’) or if the stool is fixated. A modified Ziehl–Neelsen stain can also be used to detect Cryptosporidium oocysts. A Giemsa stain is commonly used for microscopy of sterile samples, i.e. malaria parasites in blood. For moulds including Aspergillus spp., a lactophenol cotton blue stain or calcofluor-white stain is commonly used. India ink is used for Cryptococcus spp. in CSF. A rapid method to diagnose dermatophytes is a KOH test on skin scrapings (i.e. dermatophytes). Microscopy can also be performed on histology tissue sections with various stains including periodic acid-Schiff stain or a Grocott silver stain.
Dermatophytes
Published in Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro, Pocket Guide to Mycological Diagnosis, 2019
Germana Costa Paixão, Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha, Débora de Souza Colares Maia Castelo-Branco, Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante, José Júlio Costa Sidrim
The seeding procedure is the same used for primary media. However, instead of using the clinical specimen for the culture procedure, a small fragment of the colony obtained in the primary recovery must be used. The media are then incubated at 25°C–30°C for 5–10 days. After colony growth, a wet-mount is assembled with lactophenol cotton blue for examination under an optical microscope for the identification of the recovered fungi.
Dermatophytic onychomycosis
Published in Archana Singal, Shekhar Neema, Piyush Kumar, Nail Disorders, 2019
Malcolm Pinto, Manjunath M. Shenoy
Microscopic morphology is studied by utilizing teased or Scotch tape preparations in lactophenol cotton blue (LPCB). Various species of Trichophyton can be differentiated by biochemical tests such as urease and hair perforation tests.
Disseminated fusariosis in immunocompromised children: a case series and review of literature
Published in Journal of Chemotherapy, 2021
M. P. Riojas Hernández, D. Cisneros Saldaña, D. N. Vaquera Aparicio, J. I. Castillo Bejarano, A. H. Mascareñas de los Santos, H. Villanueva-Lozano, J. Treviño-Rangel Rogelio de, M. E. De la O Cavazos
We performed a literature search of core databases including MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD), Scopus (Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands), Cochrane Library (John Wiley & Sons, New York, New York), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), and LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Science) between 1970 and 2020 using a combination of the keywords ‘Fusarium sp.’, ‘Fusariosis’, ‘Leukemia’, ‘Hematologic malignancies,’ and ‘antifungal treatment’, with a narrow search specific to pediatric cases (0–18 years) to identify case reports and case series. References were reviewed to identify additional cases. Fusarium spp. infections were confirmed by histolopathologic examination, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), culture, and lactophenol cotton blue stain direct examination. Cases with non-hematological malignancies and reports in languages other than English or Spanish were excluded.
Endogenous Endophthalmitis A Complication of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Series
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2021
Manisha Agarwal, Mani Sachdeva, Surendra Pal, Harita Shah, Madhu Kumar R, Alay Banker
Vitreous sample was sent for microbiological examination. Direct microscopy, KOH preparation and calcofluor white stain from the specimen showed the presence of fungal filaments. Specimen was inoculated on SDA and incubated at 25°C and 37°C. The morphology of growth on lactophenol cotton blue stain showed the presence of pale brown pigmented, sympodial, pseudoseptae, fusiform, round ended conidia suggestive of Bipolaris species. (Figure 1c) The patient was kept on a frequent follow-up with continuation of tablet ciprofloxacin 750 mg and tablet voriconazole 200 mg twice daily and he showed gradual progressive improvement. Follow-up at 8 weeks, the right eye visual acuity had improved to 6/12, N8 and the left eye recorded a vision of 6/60 with no evidence of active infection.
The Inhibitory Effect of Human Beta-defensin-3 on Candida Glabrata Isolated from Patients with Candidiasis
Published in Immunological Investigations, 2021
Thananya Inthanachai, Arsa Thammahong, Steven W Edwards, Sita Virakul, Chanisa Kiatsurayanon, Direkrit Chiewchengchol
All collected specimens were initially examined using 10% KOH (Potassium hydroxide) solution under light microscopy. Each specimen was cultured for up to 4 weeks until fungal colonies were observed in: Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA); SDA with chloramphenicol; SDA with chloramphenicol plus cycloheximide, at both 37°C and 25°C depending on the type of specimen. All positive colonies were visualised by light microscopy after lactophenol cotton blue staining. Vitek 2® XL (BioMérieux) with yeast identification cards, which is an automated colorimetric biochemical assay, was used for yeast identification including C. glabrata clinical isolates. This method is based on 46 biochemical tests consisting of carbon source utilization, nitrogen source utilization, and enzyme activities, giving results within 18–24 h (Posteraro et al. 2015; Valenza et al. 2008).