China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Plant-Based Phytochemicals in the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants for Human Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2023
Gallic acid is commonly found in white tea, gallnuts, sumac, tealeaves, oak bark, and witch hazel as well as other foods and plants. It is known to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties, and protective properties for healthy cells. In a research study, the polyethylene-coated, iron magnetite nanoparticles loaded with gallic acid were designed with a specific anticancer nanocomposite formulation to determine the effects on lung and colon cancers. The results did show a decrease in colon cancer HT-29 viability with increasing dose of this combination.
Extraction and Optimization of Saponin and Phenolic Compounds of Fenugreek Seed
Published in Dilip Ghosh, Prasad Thakurdesai, Fenugreek, 2022
Sweeta Akbari, Nour Hamid Abdurahman, Rosli Mohd Yunus
The determination of TPC in the extracts of fenugreek seed was done by applying the methods used by Sookjitsumran et al. (2016) and Nickel et al. (2016) with minor changes. First, the equal amount (0.2 mL) of extract and reagent of Folin-Ciocalteu were added together in a test tube and placed in the dark for around 5 min at 30°C. Afterwards, 0.6 mL of 20% sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) solution was added to the mixture and stored for another 2 h. The wavelength of 765 nm was selected in a UV-Vis spectrophotometer to take the absorbance of the sample using methanol as blank. A standard curve at concentrations of (100–500 mg/L) was prepared from gallic acid (GA) to measure the sample concentration. The result was expressed as milligram of GA equivalent per g of the extract (mg GAE/g d.w.). Equation (4) was used to calculate the amount of TPC in the extract.
Nuclear Factor Kappa-B: Bridging Inflammation and Cancer
Published in Surinder K. Batra, Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, Gene Regulation and Therapeutics for Cancer, 2021
Mohammad Aslam Khan, Girijesh Kumar Patel, Haseeb Zubair, Nikhil Tyagi, Shafquat Azim, Seema Singh, Aamir Ahmad, Ajay Pratap Singh
Post translation modifications (PTMs) such as acetylation and deacetylation play an important role in controlling proteins activity and function [174]. PTMs regulate NF-κB activity either by activating or inhibiting its transcriptional activity. In the nucleus, lysine (K) residues of p65, a subunit of NF-κB, undergo acetylation at multiple sites. The transcriptional activity of NF-κB increases due to the acetylation of lysine residue at positions 221 and 310. Moreover, acetylation at K122 and K123 suppresses DNA binding affinity of p65 which may lead to nuclear export of p65 [175, 176]. In recent years, many compounds derived from natural sources have been shown to suppress NF-κB activity by inhibiting acetylation, and these molecules may possess anti-tumor activity. Gallic acid, derived from oak bark or gallnuts, inhibits NF-κB acetylation and activation resulting in low levels of inflammatory molecules, which forms the basis of its anticancer activity against colon and lung cancer [177, 178].
Gallic acid improves the metformin effects on diabetic kidney disease in mice
Published in Renal Failure, 2023
Yan Hong, Jidong Wang, Wenjuan Sun, Lai Zhang, Xuefang Xu, Kaiyue Zhang
Although metformin is normally effective, diabetes is a progressive condition with continual degradation of energy metabolism regulation, and metformin therapy may fail to provide long-term glycemic control and to reverse the course of diabetic complications [7]. In this light, it has attracted attention that combining therapy involving natural bioactive compounds could dramatically improve glycemic control in diabetes mellitus while also helping to minimize the complications associated with the condition. Gallic acid is a type of phenolic acid that commonly presents in many food materials and medicinal plants. Gallic acid treatment has been shown to mitigate type 1 diabetic kidney disease in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats [16,17]. Inspired by these findings, we hypothesized that combination of gallic acid and metformin might exert synergistic effect on renal protection in diabetic kidney disease. This study was carried out to address our hypothesis.
Ameliorative effect of gallic acid on cisplatin-induced ovarian toxicity in rats
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2023
Elif Ayazoglu Demir, Ahmet Mentese, Ayten Livaoglu, Nihal Turkmen Alemdar, Selim Demir
Today, medicinal plants are of great interest in the prevention and treatment of many chronic diseases due to their cheapness, high safety of use and low side effects. In addition, many scientific reports showed that phenolic compounds may have very different pharmacological roles due to their antioxidant properties (Karimi-Khouzani et al.2017). Gallic acid (GA) is a phenolic compound (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) and is naturally found in plants, walnuts, green tea, grapes, red wine, hops and oak bark (Olayinka et al.2015). This compound also has a wide range of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-obesity, antidiabetic and anti-angiogenic effects (Gao et al.2019, Bai et al.2021). GA and its derivatives have therefore many applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries (Gao et al.2019). There is increasing evidence in the literature that GA reduces the toxicity of various chemotherapeutic agents (doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and methotrexate) in heart, liver, kidney and testicular tissues through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential (Kulkarni and Swamy 2015, Olayinka et al.2016, Mehraban et al.2020). Although the protection of female reproductive health against CDDP toxicity in chemotherapy is crucial for the maintenance of fertility, there is no study on the effects of GA on CDDP-induced ovarian toxicity. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the histological and biochemical mechanisms underlying the potential protective effects of GA in CDDP-induced female reproductive toxicity.
Can gallic acid potentiate the antihyperglycemic effect of acarbose and metformin? Evidence from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2022
Ganiyu Oboh, Mariam Damilola Ogunbadejo, Opeyemi Babatunde Ogunsuyi, Sunday Idowu Oyeleye
Phenolic acids are a group of polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant properties, thereby, promoting the quality of life by mitigating oxidative stress (Choubey et al. 2015). Gallic acid (3, 4, 5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) is a naturally occurring phenolic acid compound, dominant in many plant foods such as seeds (Moringa and Soy), leaves (blueberry and cabbage), fruits (pomegranates, dates, grapes, mangoes and bananas), roots and bark (pomegranates and gall nuts) (Locatelli et al. 2013, Daglia et al. 2014), among others. It is a colourless or slightly yellow crystalline compound, with extensive application in the food and pharmaceutical industries (Kahkeshani et al. 2019). In addition to its antioxidant properties, it has also been reported to exhibit antihyperglycemic properties by inhibiting the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase (Zhang et al. 2009, Adefegha et al. 2015, Oboh et al. 2016), as well as glucose tolerance (Bak et al. 2013) and hepatic insulin sensitisation (Huang et al. 2016).