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Herbal Drug Discovery Against Inflammation: From Traditional Wisdom to Modern Therapeutics
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
Shalini Dixit, Karuna Shanker, Madhumita Srivastava, Priyanka Maurya, Nupur Srivastava, Jyotshna, Dnyaneshwar U. Bawankule
Secondary metabolites are low molecular weight organic compounds produced in plants. The biosynthesis of secondary metabolites is restricted to the selected plant groups and is exhibiting a huge structural diversity. These secondary metabolites which are generally used for the self-defense of plants attracted natural products researchers around the globe. The structures provided a number of pharmacophores compatible with the receptor molecules in the body. A large number of secondary metabolites also qualify the criterion of Lipinski rule to be considered as a drug. As a result, a number of blockbuster molecules provided by the plants as well as the marine source in the area of drug discovery. These compounds are mainly classified as flavonoids, terpenes, glycosides, steroids, and alkaloids. In recent trends, these molecules correspond to valuable contribution in pharmaceutics, cosmetics, and fine chemicals and more recently in nutraceuticals as well (Pichersky and Gang, 2000). We summarized a small understanding of these beautiful defensive compounds in the plant kingdom. Natural products obtained from the plants are summarized in Table 3.2.
Spray Drying and Pharmaceutical Applications
Published in Dilip M. Parikh, Handbook of Pharmaceutical Granulation Technology, 2021
Metin Çelik, Pavan Muttil, Gülşilan Binzet, Susan C. Wendell
Centrifugal atomizers have the advantage of handling large feed rates using single rotating wheels or disks and being suitable for abrasive feeds. Also, the clogging problem is minimized and particle size distribution can be controlled by changing the wheel rotary speed. Bulk pharmaceutical excipients and fine chemicals, such as antacids, are often produced using centrifugal atomizers. The particles produced by this technique are generally free-flowing and unless intentionally produced with very fine atomization, dust-free. The porous structure of the particles provides increased solubility, and the relatively low density and friability of these particles result in generally good compaction properties. Also, the batch-to-batch reproducibility and dryer-to-dryer transferability of this technique are excellent. The disentangles of centrifugal atomizers are their high cost, high energy consumption, and the requirement for a large drying chamber due to the broad spray pattern compared to pressure nozzles.
Historical Review
Published in Gary M. Matoren, The Clinical Research Process in the Pharmaceutical Industry, 2020
Donald D. Vogt, Michael Montagne
American fine chemical manufacturers, including the drug makers, entered the 1920s with the proceeds from the highly profitable war years, newer plants and equipment, improved methods of production with special regard for the basic principles of chemical engineering, an awareness of economic and technical efficiency in production, low federal taxes and interest rates, a growing domestic market, and a new tariff law. The economic stage was set for the coming research revolution.
Inhalable liposomes of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract for use in tuberculosis: formulation, in vitro characterization, in vivo lung deposition, and in vivo pharmacodynamic studies
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2019
Vivek Viswanathan, Rajesh Pharande, Anilkumar Bannalikar, Pushpa Gupta, Umesh Gupta, Alka Mukne
Glycyrrhiza glabra roots were procured from Yucca Enterprises (Mumbai, India) and authenticated from Dept. of Botany, Guru Nanak Khalsa College (Mumbai, India) (Specimen No. hm P1030618gg). Cholesterol was purchased from S. D. Fine Chemicals Ltd. (Mumbai, India). Soyabean phosphatidylcholine (Lipoid S100) was a kind gift from Lipoid, Germany. Glabridin (98%) was provided as a gift sample by Sami Labs Ltd. (Bangalore, India). Trehalose P was obtained as a gift sample from Signet Chemical Corporation Pvt. Ltd. (Mumbai, India). All chemicals and solvents used were of analytical grade and purchased from S. D. Fine Chemicals Ltd. (Mumbai, India). Rifampicin and isoniazid were obtained as gift samples from Ms. Lupin Limited. (Mumbai, India)
Gold nano particles synthesized from Magnolia officinalis and anticancer activity in A549 lung cancer cells
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
Yuanyuan Zheng, Jianwu Zhang, Rui Zhang, Zhuang Luo, Chu Wang, Shaoqing Shi
Antibodies used in the study are Bax, Beclin-1, Bcl-2, Bid, β-actin, caspase-3 and goat anti-mouse IgG-HRP. Polyclonal antibodies were purchased from the suppliers in Santacruz, USA. Dulbecco’s Modified Eagles Medium (DMEM), antibiotics, trypsin-EDTA and Fetal bovine serum (FBS), was obtained from Himedia, Mumbai, India. 3–(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiaozolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 2,7-diacetyl dichlorofluorescein (DCFH-DA), acridine orange (AO), propidium iodide (PI), 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), Terminal dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) were purchased from Sigma chemical, USA. Other fine chemicals of analytical grade were used in this study.
Synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from leaf extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza and its anticancer potential in human prostate cancer LNCaP cell lines
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
Ke Zhang, Xiaodong Liu, Samson Oliver Abraham Samuel Ravi, Arunkumar Ramachandran, Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim, Anmar M. Nassir, Jiapei Yao
Cell culture medium DMEM, FBS and trypsin-EDTA were purchased from Himedia, Mumbai, India. Bcl-xl, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3and β-actin, goat anti-mouse IgG-HRP polyclonal antibody were procured from Santacruz, CA, USA. MTT, DCFH-DA stains acridine orange and propidium iodide were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co., MO, USA. All the other fine chemicals and solvents used for the present study were of analytical grade.