China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
General Management of Blood Cancers
Published in Tariq I Mughal, John M Goldman, Sabena T Mughal, Understanding Leukemias, Lymphomas, and Myelomas, 2017
Tariq I Mughal, John M Goldman, Sabena T Mughal
Myeloid HGFs, such as G-CSF and granulocyte–macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), and erythroid HGFs, such as erythropoietin (EPO), have been extensively studied in adults and found to be useful in the management of neutropenia and anemia related to both cancer therapy and the cancer itself. HGF use can facilitate the timely administration of cancer treatment and may also improve survival and quality of life (QOL). Currently two preparations of G-CSF are available, filgrastim (Neupogen), and lenograstim (Granocyte). Several preparations of EPO are available, epoetin alfa (Eprex; Procrit), epoetin beta (NeoRecormon), and darbopoetin alfa (Aranesp).
Development of palliative medicine in the United Kingdom and Ireland
Published in Eduardo Bruera, Irene Higginson, Charles F von Gunten, Tatsuya Morita, Textbook of Palliative Medicine and Supportive Care, 2015
High interindividual variability has been reported between hemoglobin levels and QOL scores. In a randomized trial on the effect of epoetin beta in severely anemic patients with hematological malignancies, a change in FACT-anemia scores correlated with final hemoglobin level, but the distribution was widely scattered [16]. Similar results were obtained in a study assessing the relationships between hemoglobin concentration and QOL scores among patients attending outpatient oncology units [17].
Nephrology in the Republic of Benin (West Africa)
Published in Meguid El Nahas, Kidney Diseases in the Developing World and Ethnic Minorities, 2005
Giovanni Battista Fogazzi, Attolou Vénérand, Aouanou Guy
As to maintenance HD, this is possible only for selected patients, the selection being based on both clinical and economical criteria. Clinically, the excluded patients are those with severe comorbidity, such as HIV infection, severe cardiovascular complications, or life-threatening neoplasia. Economically, only the patients who can sustain the financial burden of dialysis for 3 to 4 months are admitted, this period of time being necessary for the Ministry of Health to evaluate whether the patient is fit for dialysis and whether he/she qualifies for financial coverage. Once the patient is admitted to maintenance dialysis, all the related expenses, including the costs for recombinant epoetin beta, are covered by the government (esti-mated cost/patient/year: 18,300–21,960 4). Clearly, these rules discriminate against patients with ESRD who cannot afford the first months of renal replacement treatment.
Uncover diagnostic immunity/hypoxia/ferroptosis/epithelial mesenchymal transformation-related CCR5, CD86, CD8A, ITGAM, and PTPRC in kidney transplantation patients with allograft rejection
Published in Renal Failure, 2022
Long He, Boqian Wang, Xueyi Wang, Yuewen Liu, Xing Song, Yijian Zhang, Xin Li, Hongwei Yang
It is reported that existing immunosuppressive drugs are not sufficient to completely prevent allograft rejection in kidney transplant patients [87,88]. Therefore, it is needed to find potential drug targets for kidney transplant patients with allograft rejection. Based on DGIdb database, PTPRC was drug target of both PREDNISONE and EPOETIN BETA. In addition, CD86, CCR5, and ITGAM were respectively drug target of ABATACEPT, MARAVIROC, and CLARITHROMYCIN. PREDNISONE is an essential component of immunosuppression protocols during the first three decades of clinical kidney transplantation [89]. Anemia is a common complication of kidney transplantation. In kidney transplant recipients with moderate renal insufficiency, correction of anemia with EPOETIN BETA can slow the decline in glomerular filtration rate, reduce the incidence of end-stage renal disease, and improve quality of life without increasing the risk of cardiovascular events [90].
Characteristics of Japanese patients with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease initiating treatment for anemia: a retrospective real-world database study
Published in Current Medical Research and Opinion, 2022
Yoshimasa Kokado, Manabu Ishii, Kiichiro Ueta, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Hiraku Kumamaru, Masaaki Isshiki, Sven Demiya, Hiroaki Miyata
As shown in Figure 2, a total of 21872 patients who were prescribed ESAs and had at least one recorded hemoglobin value within 30 days before the index date were extracted from the MDV database. Of these, 4939 patients who met the selection criteria were included in the primary analysis (main cohort). The characteristics of the main cohort are summarized in Table 1. The mean age was 72.8 years at the initiation of ESA therapy. Long-acting ESAs were chosen as the first treatment in most patients, with darbepoetin alfa (52.3%) as the most common ESA, followed by epoetin beta pegol (40.6%). Most patients had a diagnosis associated with kidney disease on the index date. The diagnosis rates for chronic kidney disease (ICD-10 code N18) or unspecified kidney failure (ICD-10 code N19), including the disease code for anemia in CKD, were 75.0% and 80.9%, respectively. Antihypertensive (84.6%), antihyperlipidemic (40.1%) and antidiabetic (39.0%) agents were recorded as concomitant medications. In addition, 17.8% of patients received iron supplementation. At the index date, the mean eGFR was 19.8 mL/min/1.73 m2, and 82.7% of the patients had an eGFR of <30 mL/min/1.73 m2. Other laboratory test results for the main cohort are shown in Supplemental Table S4, and 25.6% of these patients had ferritin level data, with a mean value of 220.7 ng/mL.
Comparative effectiveness of erythropoietin alpha and beta in hemodialysis patients: a single-center prospective observational study
Published in Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2021
Muhammad Nadeem Ahsan, Naila Asif, Shafqat Waqar Khanzada, Muhammad Sohaib Asghar, Farah Yasmin, Faran Khalid, Shameen Fareed, Syeda Ghazala Irshad
Amendments in the state of anemia are one of the crucial steps in the treatment of patients with end-stage renal disease irrespective of preterminal or terminal stage of chronic kidney disease [2]. This study was regulated to compare the efficacy of both epoetin alpha and epoetin beta in treating anemia associated with chronic kidney disease. The mean age of patients included in previously conducted trials ranged from 45 to 64 years with increased gender affinity towards male gender [2,5,10]. Multiple articles compared the therapeutic efficacy of both epoetin alpha and epoetin beta in maintaining hemoglobin levels (Hb) at a targeted range of 10–12 g/dl within 3–4 months of availing treatment [2,5,10]. Miscellaneous studies conducted in this accord reported no statistically prominent difference in hematocrit (PCV) levels among patients administered both epoetin alpha and epoetin beta to cure anemia of chronic kidney disease [2,5,10]. The study regulated by Azmandian et al, reported a statistically significant difference between epoetin alpha (Eprex) and epoetin beta (Cinnapoetin) in maintaining hemoglobin levels of 11 g/dl, supporting Cinnapoetin [5]. No difference was observed between both drugs in maintaining hemoglobin levels > or equal to 11 g/dl, while decreased frequency was recorded in regard to Cinnapoetin achieving levels of 13 g/dl [5]. Another study conducted in a similar pattern reported a prominent increase in hemoglobin levels when administered with epoetin alpha as compared to epoetin alpha in patients with chronic kidney disease [10].