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Inflammatory Myopathy
Published in Maher Kurdi, Neuromuscular Pathology Made Easy, 2021
In muscle biopsy, myositis is histologically characterized by the presence of myonecrosis, regeneration, and inflammation (Figure 20.1a). It is sometimes difficult to reach a specific diagnosis by only hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain and the pathologist may sign the case as either inflammatory myositis (non-specific) or necrotizing myopathy. Sub-diagnosis comments, where pathologists can explain the histopathological findings within the clinical context, are important for the clinician.
HLA-DR and -DQ Serotyping
Published in M. Kam, Jeffrey L. Bidwell, Handbook of HLA TYPING TECHNIQUES, 2020
Cells separated using nylon wool or SRBC rosetting can also be stained by adding 1 μl of 5% eosin in PBS to each well; the eosin stains dead cells red. The cells are then fixed by adding 5 μl of a formalin solution at pH 7.2 to 7.4 to each well. The plates can be read on an inverted microscope with visible light only.
Pneumocystis carinii
Published in Peter D. Walzer, Robert M. Genta, Parasitic Infections in the Compromised Host, 2020
Peter D. Walzer, C. Kurtis Kim, Melanie T. Cushion
At times, combinations of methenamine silver with other stains have been used to examine the interaction of P. carinii with host tissues. One example has been the use of hematoxylin-eosin counterstain to analyze the inflammatory cellular response. Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and sodium bisulfite resorcinol stains have been used to identify basement membranes (302).
Comparison of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension rat models caused by different hypoxia protocols
Published in Experimental Lung Research, 2023
Gexiang Cai, Yaxin Zhang, Xinghong Wang, Shini Li, Yushan Cheng, Xiaoying Huang
The upper lobe of the right lung of the rat was fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, and de-hydrated in a graded ethanol series, embedded in paraffin. The samples were cut into 5 μm sections for hematoxylin-eosin staining. Optical microscope was used to observe the remodeling of pulmonary arteries in each group. After the imaging, we randomly selected pulmonary arterioles with a diameter of 50–100 μm and calculated the ratios of the pulmonary artery wall area to the total area (WA/TA) and the wall thickness to the total thickness (WT/TT) with Image-Pro Plus 6.0 (Media Cybernetics, Bethesda, USA) to reflect the degree of pulmonary arterial remodeling. The sections were processed by Masson’s Trichrome to assess the degree of pulmonary arterial collagen deposition. After stained, sections in each group were observed under a microscope.
A review of current biomarkers in chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2023
Tsuguhisa Nakayama, Shin-Ichi Haruna
Increased eosinophil infiltration in nasal polyps and sinus mucosa are hallmarks of CRS characterized by type 2 inflammation. Tissue eosinophil count is easily measured and accessible and easily differentiated by hematoxylin-eosin staining, which is commonly performed in clinical practice. Tissue eosinophil count is the gold standard for diagnosing eosinophilic CRS (eCRS) [25]. eCRS was proposed as one of the phenotypes of CRS by Haruna et al. in 2001, on the basis of the finding of severe eosinophilic infiltration of the sinonasal mucosa as a feature of patients with recurrent nasal polyps after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), along with other characteristic clinical symptoms [26] (Table 2). The pathogenesis and characteristics of eCRS have been previously described in several reviews [27,28] and various authors have reported similar phenotypes [29–32]. The EPOS2020 guideline also specifies eCRS as one of the phenotypes of type 2 inflammatory diseases and non-eCRS for non-type 2 inflammatory diseases, thus creating a consensus disease classification [6].
Lactobacillus johnsonii alleviates colitis by TLR1/2-STAT3 mediated CD206+ macrophagesIL-10 activation
Published in Gut Microbes, 2022
Ding-Jia-Cheng Jia, Qi-Wen Wang, Ying-Ying Hu, Jia-Min He, Qi-Wei Ge, Ya-Dong Qi, Lu-Yi Chen, Ying Zhang, Li-Na Fan, Yi-Feng Lin, Yong Sun, Yao Jiang, Lan Wang, Yan-Fei Fang, Hui-Qin He, Xiong-E Pi, Wei Liu, Shu-Jie Chen, Liang-Jing Wang
To determine the role of L. johnsonii in the development of colitis, we constructed DSS-induced chronic colitis and gavaged with PBS (DSS+PBS), E. coli MG1655 (DSS+E. c) or L. johnsonii (DSS+L. j) (Figure 1b). Results demonstrated that L. johnsonii alleviated the severity of diarrhea in colitis mice as compared with PBS control or E. coli group (Figure 1c). In addition, L. johnsonii could reduce the degree of intestinal inflammation and subsequent intestinal shrinkage (Figure 1d-f). The weight of the spleen in the DSS+L. j group was also decreased (Figure S1H-I). Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining showed lower cumulative scores characterized by loss of epithelium, infiltration of inflammatory cells, depletion of goblet cells and damage of crypt in L. johnsonii fed mice (Figure 1g-h). The mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors including Nos2, Tnfα, Il1β, and Il12a were reduced in DSS+L. j group (Figure S1J).