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“How do I look?”
Published in Alan Bleakley, Educating Doctors’ Senses Through the Medical Humanities, 2020
While technical medical capabilities informing clinical judgement must be in place, what the doctor ‘gives off’ in terms of display or efflorescence goes well beyond the mechanics of disease diagnosis and management. Here, we can learn from the biologist Adolf Portmann (1897–1982) who encourages us to suspend a dominant functional or instrumental biology (what is an animal display – such as ‘camouflage’ – ‘for?’) to focus on ‘non-functional’ self-display or ‘aesthetic forming’ (birds sing mainly not for territorial or mating purposes but for the sheer sake of singing – for ‘pleasure’ or aesthetic self-display; dolphins engage in exuberant play just for the sake of it; 90% of deep sea creatures can give off beautiful bioluminescences that cannot be ‘seen’ by many of their fellow creatures, which do not possess the necessary optical apparatus). What then do doctors ‘give off’, as ‘aesthetic self-display’, and is this important in the overall mix of activities constituting medical judgement and intervention (diagnosis and illness management)? Can doctors too be bioluminescent (and who is looking?), or are they generally dull and dulling as producers of insensibility?
Hyperkeratotic Reactions
Published in Gabriella Fabbrocini, Mario E. Lacouture, Antonella Tosti, Dermatologic Reactions to Cancer Therapies, 2019
Vincent Sibaud, Maria Vastarella
They present as white, wartlike, hyperkeratotic papules, which usually measure between 2 and 5 mm (18,19,25,49). They can develop at various anatomical sites, either with widespread distribution (in both photoexposed and nonphotoexposed skin) or with predominance on the head/neck and the trunk. Efflorescence of such lesions can be also seen (Figure 5.3) (20). Skin biopsy specimens reveal papillomatosis, acanthosis with hyperkeratosis, and mild to moderate epidermal dysplasia (17).
Immunisation Against Infection
Published in Sir Arthur Newsholme, Evolution of Preventive Medicine, 2015
Case I. Joseph M. had cow-pox 1770. Inoculated several times with small-pox 1795. No effect.Case II. Sarah P. Cow-pox 1765. In 1792 nursed smallpox children and was inoculated in both arms. No effect.Case III. John P. at age 9 had cow-pox. At age 62 inoculated with small-pox. No effect, except “an efflorescence.”Case IV. Mary B. Cow-pox in 1760. Inoculated with small-pox 1791. No effect.Case V. Mrs. H. Cow-pox in early life. Inoculated 1778. No effect.
Anti-inflammatory effects of Capparis ecuadorica extract in phthalic-anhydride-induced atopic dermatitis of IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 transgenic mice
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2020
Bo Ram Song, Su Jin Lee, Ji Eun Kim, Hyeon Jun Choi, Su Ji Bae, Yun Ju Choi, Jeong Eun Gong, Jin Kyung Noh, Hye Sung Kim, Hyun-Gu Kang, Jin Tae Hong, Dae Youn Hwang
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a well-known chronic inflammatory skin disease induced by various trigger factors, including food and inhalant allergens, microbial antigens, and self‐antigens (Wollenberg and Feichtner 2013; Roesner et al. 2016). Abnormal phenotypes such as itchiness, efflorescence, inflammation, redness, and small blisters on the skin are widely detected as signs and symptoms of the disease (Hiromi et al. 2004). During AD pathogenesis, the inflammatory immune response involves regulation of the humoral and the cellular immune system through T lymphocytes, mast cells, dendritic cells, and keratinocytes (Werfel et al. 2016). Especially, immune reactions induced by Th2 cells [related with interleukin (IL)-4, Il-5, IL-13, IL-31 and CCL18 secretion] and IL-22-producing T (T22) cells (related with IL-22 and S100A secretion) have been characterized in chronic AD (Czarnowicki et al. 2014; Oliva et al. 2016), whereas manifesting immunoglobulin (Ig) E autoreactivity is determined to be engaged in the development and severity of AD (Tang et al. 2012; Cipriani et al. 2014). Among the Th2 mediators, IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines play a key role in the acute and chronic stage of AD pathogenesis. These cytokines mediate the inflammatory responses in lymphocytes, myeloid cells, and non-hematopoietic cells through regulation of numerous cytokines related to the allergic response (Junttila 2018). Therefore, the regulation of IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines is considered one of the key indicators for determining the therapeutic effects of natural products in inflammatory skin diseases.
Efficacy of 30% azelaic acid peel in the nonpharmacological treatment of facial acne
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2021
Anna Szymańska, Elzbieta Budzisz, Anna Erkiert-Polguj
According to a study by Dreno and colleagues, the most frequent localization of acne efflorescence is the so-called T zone, i.e. the forehead, nose, temples, and upper cheeks. This type of location was noted in 89.8% of patients (8).