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Sources of Essential Oils
Published in K. Hüsnü Can Başer, Gerhard Buchbauer, Handbook of Essential Oils, 2020
Chlodwig Franz, Johannes Novak
Investigations on the ontogenesis of fennel (F. vulgare Mill.) revealed that the best time for picking fennel seeds is the phase of full ripeness due to the fact that the anethole content increases from <50% in unripe seeds to over 80% in full maturity (Marotti et al., 1994). In dill weed (Anethum graveolens L.) the content on essential oil rises from 0.1% only in young sprouts to more than 1% in herb with milk ripe umbels (Gora et al., 2002). In the herb, oil α-phellandrene prevails until the beginning of flowering with up to 50%, followed by dill ether, p-cymene, and limonene. The oil from green as well as ripe umbels contains, on the other hand, mainly (S)-carvone and (R)-limonene. The flavor of dill oil changes therefore dramatically, which has to be considered when determining the harvest time for distillation.
Identifying Pharmaceutical-Grade Essential Oils and Using Them Safely and Effectively in Integrative Medicine
Published in Aruna Bakhru, Nutrition and Integrative Medicine, 2018
The clear majority of essential oils are compatible with essential oil therapy in children. However, some essential oils should be avoided, particularly those with significant menthol, 1,8-cineole, camphor, myristicin, trans-anethole, pulegone, thujones, apiol, and methyl salicylate content. A very, very small minority of children may respond adversely to the use of essential oils depending on the method of administration and exposure level. Essential oils that contain high levels of these compounds, including central nervous system problems, respiratory distress (difficulty or labored breathing), premature thelarche, multiple organ dysfunction, and toxicity, and this reaction could occur from inhalation only with essential oils rich in menthol or 1,8-cineole. Essential oils high in 1,8-cineole, menthol, and camphor should be avoided through age 2, and used cautiously up through age 5. Essential oils with thujones should be avoided through age 5. Nutmeg (high in myristicin) should be avoided through age 5, and used cautiously through age 12. Parsley and dill oil (myristicin or apiol) should be avoided in children under age 12. Oral use of trans-anethole containing essential oils should be avoided through age 11. Wintergreen and birch (both high in methyl salicylate) should be avoided in children under age 12, especially during fever or viral illness.
Catalog of Herbs
Published in James A. Duke, Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, 2018
The seed, prepared in various manners, is a folk remedy for abdominal tumors, condylomata, indurations, and tumors (abdomen, anus, liver, mouth, stomach, throat). The flower, cooked in oil, is said to help tumors around the anus. A cataplasm of the leaf is said to cure grains and indolent tumors.4 Dill oil is used for apostemes of the breast. Dill is considered balsamic, detersive, digestive, diuretic, lactagogue, laxative, narcotic, psychedelic, resolvent, seductive, stimulant, and stomachic.12 Dillwater is used for children’s ailments, as flatulence and indigestion. The plant figures also into folk remedies for bruises, colic, cough, dropsy, hemorrhoids, insomnia, jaundice, sclerosis, scurvy, sores, and stomachache.3233
Anti-Demodex Effect of Commercial Eyelid Hygiene Products
Published in Seminars in Ophthalmology, 2021
Alan G Kabat14 made a comparison between 0.01% hypochlorous acid and 4% T4O. In this study, 4% T4O was found to be significantly more effective. TTO, T4O, and linalool used at 100% concentration were found to be the most effective formulation in a study by Cheung et al.15 An important result in this study is a commercial eye cleaner (Claridex®, Bio-Tissue, Florida, USA) containing 4.6% T4O, which showed anti-Demodex efficacy equal to 50% TTO. This effect was significantly less than 50% TTO in other commercial eye cleaners. This study shows that although it is difficult to apply 50% TTO to the eye clinically, the most important product that can achieve this effect is T4O. Our study also supports this result. Another valuable publication on this subject was reported by Gao et al.,16 where in vitro effects of TTO, povidone-iodine, alcohol, baby shampoo, pilocarpine, caraway oil and dill oil solutions on Demodex were investigated. It was observed that D. folliculorum can live for more than 150 min in 10% povidone-iodine, 75% alcohol, 50% baby shampoo, and 4% pilocarpine. However, it was observed that survival time significantly shortened within 15 min in 100% alcohol, 100% TTO, 100% caraway oil, or 100% dill weed oil. In addition, the clinical effect of 50% TTO and 50% baby shampoo on patients has been investigated. It was observed that in the seven patients who were applied daily cover scrub with baby shampoo for 40–350 d, Demodex count did not decrease to zero. On the other hand, Demodex count decreased to zero without recurrence for seven out of nine patients who performed eyelid brushing with TTO in 4 weeks.