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Monographs of Topical Drugs that Have Caused Contact Allergy/Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
In reviewing the Japanese literature up to 1994, 43 patients with allergic contact dermatitis from topical corticosteroid were identified, including one caused by diflucortolone valerate (5). Another Japanese author in 1994 reviewed the Japanese literature and found 2 reported cases of allergic contact dermatitis to diflucortolone valerate in 2 articles published in the period 1990-1991 (3).
A systematic review of evidence based treatments for lichen simplex chronicus
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2021
Michelle C. Juarez, Shawn G. Kwatra
Two RCTs examined the utility of occlusion as adjunctive therapy with topical corticosteroids, though outcomes were conflicting (10,11). In one study, once weekly application of clobetasol propionate and duoderm occlusive dressing led to complete remission of disease in 89% patients in two weeks (11). However, in another study, treatment with 0.3% diflucortolone valerate twice daily with plastic occlusion resulted in a significantly lower improvement of lichenification and pruritus (p < .001 for both) and even led to development of more side effects (8). The authors hypothesized that this may have been due to ointment adhering to the occlusive dressing and resulting in poorer absorption.
The association of isoconazole–diflucortolone in the treatment of pediatric tinea corporis
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2018
Stefano Veraldi, Rossana Schianchi, Paolo Pontini, Alberto Gorani
From 2006 to 2011, we observed 288 children, aged between 4 and 12 years, with mycologically proven tinea corporis. In 39 of them (13.5%) tinea corporis was superinfected by S. aureus: all these children were affected by atopic dermatitis. We interpreted these bacterial superinfections as the clinical result of scratching due to pruritus. In 2012, we decided to treat all children with a single lesion of tinea corporis with a combination of 1% isoconazole nitrate and 0.1% diflucortolone valerate cream (one application/day for 5–7 days), followed by a treatment with isoconazole or clotrimazole or ciclopirox cream (two applications/day for two weeks).
Self-Assembled chitosan/phospholipid nanoparticles: from fundamentals to preparation for advanced drug delivery
Published in Drug Delivery, 2020
Qingming Ma, Yang Gao, Wentao Sun, Jie Cao, Yan Liang, Shangcong Han, Xinyu Wang, Yong Sun
Nanocarriers have appeared as an effective strategy for transdermal drug delivery due to the overcome of steric obstruction and protection of active ingredients at both extracellular and intracellular environments (Liu et al., 2015). SACPNs can promote percutaneous penetration of drugs therefore can be used as desirable platform for mucosal drug delivery. The improvement of percutaneous penetration is closely related to the unique property of chitosan. Specifically, adhesive chitosan helps to prolong the residence time of the drug on the skin surface and facilitate the skin hydration and swelling. At the same time, chitosan has the ability to reversibly open the tight junctions between keratinocytes and weakening the barrier layer of the stratum corneum. Moreover, phospholipids can be well fused with the lipid components in the skin, both of which are beneficial for the drug to penetrate the skin from the surface (van der Lubben et al., 2001). For instance, clobetasol propionate-loaded SACPNs with a particle size around 250 nm are generated, as shown in Figure 7(a,b). The anti-inflammatory activity is then evaluated using carrageenan-induced hind paw edema test on rats, and histological analysis is performed to evaluate the possible presence of morphological changes, as shown in Figure 7(c). The results indicate that SACPNs-in-gel formulation show significantly higher edema inhibition compared to other formulations tested. Furthermore, histological analysis of rat abdominal skin shows neither morphological tissue changes nor cell infiltration signs after application of the formulations. Taken together, the results show that the use of SACPNs in chitosan gel as a drug carrier significantly improves the risk-benefit ratio as compared with sodium-deoxycholate gel and commercial cream formulations of clobetasol propionate (Şenyiğit et al., 2016). Besides, SACPNs for dermal delivery of diflucortolone valerate (DFV) that would maintain the localization in skin layers without any penetration have also been prepared. The results of rat skin permeation test show that the SACPNs-based gel can significantly increase the retention time of the drug on the skin, especially the stratum corneum and epidermis, and the retention amount is 6.33 times that of diflumiconic acid valerate cream, without any penetration, as shown in Figure 7(d). In vivo pharmacodynamic results show that the anti-inflammatory effect of the SACPNs-based gel is better than that of diflumiconate valerate cream, and there is no change in the skin barrier function, as demonstrated by the plots in Figure 7(e) Özcan et al. (2013).