China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Common Cosmetic Ingredients: Chemistry, Actions, Safety and Products
Published in Heather A.E. Benson, Michael S. Roberts, Vânia Rodrigues Leite-Silva, Kenneth A. Walters, Cosmetic Formulation, 2019
Diazolidinyl urea frequency of sensitivity appears to be relatively low and stable (Zoller et al., 2006). However, reactions have included raised red rashes of the neck and arms, and widespread redness on the face (Zachariae et al., 2006). It has been suggested that a number of reactions to diazolidinyl urea are due to the release of formaldehyde as opposed to a direct effect of the preservative itself (Hectorne and Fransway, 1994).
Undeclared formaldehyde levels in patient consumer products: formaldehyde test kit utility
Published in Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2019
Jason E. Ham, Paul D. Siegel, Howard Maibach
Several studies have identified additional hydrolysis products from formaldehyde releasers. (4-hydroxymethyl-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidine-4-yl)-urea (HU), (3,4-bis-hydroxymethyl-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidine-4-yl)-urea (BHU) were as major decomposition products in cosmetics from both diazolidinyl urea and imidazolidinyl urea11,12. The authors suggested that patch testing with HU and BHU should be performed, but provided no data with respect to the allergenicity of these compounds. Kireche et al. (2010) reported that DMDM hydantoin was directly reactive toward amino acids, while the bronopol and methenamine breakdown products, bromoethanol and diaminomethane, respectively, were amino acid reactive13. Bronopol is a known contact allergen14, and while we found no reports of diaminomethane allergy, diaminoethane (ethylenediamine) is a known contact allergen15. This suggest potential non-formaldehyde protein haptenation/allergic contact dermatitis products containing these formaldehyde releasers.
Development of hydrophilic gels containing coenzyme Q10-loaded liposomes: characterization, stability and rheology measurements
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2019
Nina Dragicevic, Danina Krajisnik, Jela Milic, Alfred Fahr, Howard Maibach
The following substances were used: non-hydrogenated soybean lecithin (Phospholipon® 80, Lipoid GmbH, Germany), hydrogenated soybean lecithin (Phospholipon® 80 H, Lipoid GmbH, Germany), ubichinon (Coenzyme Q10, Gfn-Selco, Germany), carbomer (Ultrez 10® Polymer, Lubrizol, USA), phenoxyethanol (and) methylparaben (and) ethylparaben (and) propylparaben (and) butylparaben (Phenonip™, Clariant, Switzerland), diazolidinyl urea (Germall™II, Ashland, USA), propylene glycol (BASF, Germany), potassium dihydrogenphosphat (Sigma-Aldrich, USA), polysorbate 80 (Tween 80, Sigma-Aldrich, USA), sodium hydroxide (Sigma-Aldrich, USA), triethanolamine (TEA) (Sigma, USA), edetate disodium (Titriplex III, Merck Millipore, USA). All other chemicals were of analytical grade and the water used was double distilled.
Hydrogel containing minocycline and zinc oxide-loaded serum albumin nanopartical for periodontitis application: preparation, characterization and evaluation
Published in Drug Delivery, 2019
Jie Mou, Zongxiang Liu, Jie Liu, Jianwu Lu, Wentao Zhu, Dongsheng Pei
Drug-loaded hydrophilic gels (Mino-ZnO@Alb NPs HG) were prepared by dispersing 1% (w/w) of Carbopol 940® (polymer of acrylic acid) in the nanoparticle dispersion (Mino-ZnO@Alb NPs). After 24 h, the dispersion was neutralized with triethanolamine. Diazolidinyl urea (0.3%, w/w) was added as a preservative. Hydrogels bases (B-HG) were prepared using distilled water instead of the nanopartical suspension.