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Rhubarb
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants, 2021
Gan B. Bajracharya, Richa K. Gupta
Rhubarb is a considerably poor source of steroids, which were reported from R. hotaoense and R. emodi (Li et al. 1998, Liu et al. 2007, Wang et al. 2010a). Daucosterol (254) showed the neuroprotective activity by reducing neuron loss and apoptotic rate (Jiang et al. 2015). β-sitosterol (256) bore antidiabetic and antioxidant potentialities (Gupta et al. 2011).
Choerospondias axillaris (Hog plum)
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Wild Plants, 2020
Similarly, the ellagic acid and its derivatives (Figure 12.5) have also been reported, such as ellagic acid, 3, 3’-di O-methylellagic acid, methylellagic acid, methyl ellagic acid glucoside, dimethoxy ellagic acid glycoside. Sterols (Figure 12.6) reported from C. axillaris are β-sitosterol, daucosterol, ursolic acid, and ergosterol. The aromatic derivatives (Figure 12.7) isolated are tetradecyl-E-ferulate and dibutyl phthalate (Li et al. 2005). Fatty acid derivatives (Figure 12.8) isolated are stearic acid, octacosanol, and triacotanoic acid, etc. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, deoxyuridine, jatrorrhizine, scopoletin, and 6-hydroxyindol-3-lactic acid (Figure 12.9) have also been isolated by a different group of researchers. Activity-guided isolation of antitumor compounds from the CHCl3 extract partitioned from the 95% ethanol extract led to isolation of two new cytotoxic alkenyled bridged-ring ketones, namely choerosponins A and B (Figure 12.10). These compounds possess rare dioxatricyclo skeleton (Li et al. 2017).
Catalog of Herbs
Published in James A. Duke, Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, 2018
Liu and Staba,232 comparing the ginsenosides with those of other ginseng plants and products, found the highest total ginsenoside concentration in sanchi ginseng (8.7 w/w%) with larger proportions of Rbg, Re, and Rgl than Rc, Rd, and F11. Both (20S)-protopanaxadiol and (20S)-protopanaxatriol ginsensoides were detected. Sanchi saponins have sedative effects on mice. In vitro, sanchi saponins inhibit Escherichia coli, Sporotrichum schenchii, Staphylococcus, Trichophyton gypseum, and T. tonsurans. The anticancer compound, beta-sitosterol (perhaps ubiquitous), has been reported with daucosterol, a glycoside of quercitin and six saponins from root hairs.41
Network pharmacology and in vivo experiment-based strategy to investigate mechanisms of JingFangFuZiLiZhong formula for ulcerative colitis
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2022
Mengyuan Wang, Jianan Li, Yuzhang Yin, Liying Liu, Yifei Wang, Ying Qu, Yanqiu Hong, Shuangshuang Ji, Tao Zhang, Nan Wang, Jinlong Liu, Xu Cao, Xiaobin Zao, Shuxin Zhang
First, we analysed the potential active constituents of seven herbs in the JFFZLZ and obtained 149 constituents from the TCMSP and TCMID databases after eliminating the redundancy (Supplement Table 2). According to the potential active constituents of JFFZLZ, there were 1,946 targets acquired from the TCMSP, TCMID, and SuperPred databases after removing the redundancy (Supplement Table 3). Then we constructed the interaction network between active constituents and targets of JFFZLZ by Cytoscape. Among the shared herb molecules, the proportion of beta-sitosterol was the highest constituent (6/7), followed by daucosterol (3/7). While stigmasterol, folinic acid, quercetin, isoquercitrin, deltoin, heptadecane, tridecanoic acid, and kaempferol were the lowest molecules (2/7) (Figure 2(A)). Next, a total of 1,131 UC targets were obtained from the DisGeNET, GeneCards, MalaCard, and TTD databases (Supplement Table 3). Finally, we obtained 279 overlapped genes (OGEs) between the JFFZLZ putative targets and UC targets (Figure 2(B)), the detailed information was shown in Supplement Table 3.
Pulicaria crispa mitigates nephrotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats via regulation oxidative, inflammatory, tubular and glomerular indices
Published in Biomarkers, 2022
Wessam M. Aziz, Manal A. Hamed, Howaida I. Abd-Alla, Samia A. Ahmed
Combined with the results of our previous phytochemical research of Fahmi et al. (2019a), the presence of steroids and/or triterpenoids, flavonoids and other nutraceuticals bioactive metabolites such as essential oil and carbohydrates were possibly related to the healing potency of P. crispa against the drastic changes in oxidative stress and inflammation. The steroids (cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol) have been isolated from the aerial parts of P. crispa (Abd-Alla, 2004). Steroids play a structural role in plant-cell membranes and some of them (cholesterol and sitosterol) could be used to prepare steroid hormones and vitamin D (Liu et al. 2010). In a review study, Asif (2018) reported the value of β-sitosterol as a renal protective agent. Little doses of β-sitosterol and daucosterol (its 3-O-D-glucoside) had been increased the activity of NK-cells and showed immunomodulatory activities (Salehi et al. 2021). Because of the presence of the previously described bioactive chemicals as well as phenolic compounds, P. crispa showed renal protective action that could be attributed to its richness with many antioxidant agents (Liu et al.2010). Our previous work on P. undulata indicated the existence of soluble sugar, hydrolysable carbohydrates and proteins on dry weight basis, adding to the evidence that it has a protective effect against free radicals (Fahmi et al.2019b).
The traditional herb Polygonum hydropiper from China: a comprehensive review on phytochemistry, pharmacological activities and applications
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
Yi-Dan Kong, Ying Qi, Na Cui, Zhi-Hong Zhang, Na Wei, Chang-Fu Wang, Yuan-Ning Zeng, Yan-Ping Sun, Hai-Xue Kuang, Qiu-Hong Wang
A variety of sterols and phytosterols exist in PHL. At present, 7 steroid compounds have been isolated and identified independently, including β-sitosterol (313), ergosterol-5,8-peroxide (314), daucosterol (315), stigmast-4-ene-3β,6a-diol (316), γ-sitosterol (317), 22,23-dihydrostigmasterol (318) and phytol (319) (Liu, Qin et al. 2009; Li et al. 2017; Wang et al. 2018). The structures from 313 to 319 are shown in Figure 7.