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Structural Investigation of Bio-Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles Using Honey
Published in Hala Gali-Muhtasib, Racha Chouaib, Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Treatment, 2020
Prerana B. Kane, Priyanka Jagtap, Ravindra D. Kale
Phondaghat honey was obtained from a local medical shop in Mumbai, India. Cupric chloride dihydrate CuCl2 (Mol. Wt. 170.48) salt, sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid were purchased from S. D. Fine-Chem Ltd SDFCL, Mumbai, India. All other reagents used were of analytical grade.
Ecology
Published in Paul Pumpens, Single-Stranded RNA Phages, 2020
At the very beginning of the RNA phage era, it appeared that the phages MS2 and f2 were sensitive to contact with an aluminum alloy surface or when they were diluted with fluids that had been in contact with aluminum, zinc, or magnesium (Yamamoto et al. 1964). The inactivation was believed to result from the simultaneous action of traces of Cu2+ and electrolytically formed H2O2 and were stimulated by addition of both, although neither alone was fully active when present in trace amounts, while the phages were protected by adding either catalase or EDTA (Yamamoto et al. 1964). A very low concentration of hydrogen peroxide (0.00015%) in the presence of 10 μM CuSO4 inactivated the RNA phage MS2 (Yamamoto 1969). Incubation of the phage Qβ with a mixture of 100 mM ribose and 10 μM CuSO4 resulted in a complete loss of viable phage after 20 min (Carubelli et al. 1995). The synergistic effect of cupric chloride with monochloramine was demonstrated by the MS2 inactivation (Straub et al. 1995). The phage MS2 was 10 times more sensitive than poliovirus to inactivation by electrolytically generated copper and silver ions, separately and in combination with free chlorine (Yahya et al. 1992).
Preparation of Low Molecular Weight Copper Complexes
Published in Robert A. Greenwald, CRC Handbook of Methods for Oxygen Radical Research, 2018
In our initial attempts to synthesize cupric complexes, we routinely use cupric chloride because chloride ion does not compete well with biologically relevant ligands for copper. A half equivalent of copper is used if we anticipate that the monoanionic ligand will give a complex composed of two ligand molecules and one copper atom, or one equivalent if we anticipate a 1:1 complex. We have also found it convenient to dissolve the copper chloride in a volume of deionized-distilled water equal to the volume used to prepare the solution of ligand. This solution is also filtered through a nitric-acid-washed sintered glass filter funnel to remove particulate matter.
Comparative evaluation of hesperetin loaded nanoparticles for anticancer activity against C6 glioma cancer cells
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
Melike Ersoz, Aysegul Erdemir, Dilek Duranoglu, Deniz Uzunoglu, Tulin Arasoglu, Serap Derman, Banu Mansuroglu
Intracellular SOD enzyme activity was calculated based on a spectrophotometric method described by Mccord JM and Fridovich with minor modifications [32]. In this method, xanthine-xanthine oxidase is used to generate superoxide radicals (O2•−) and O2•− production is measured by reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) to a blue formazan which is an indicator for reaction. Xanthine, nitro-blue tetrazolium, sodium carbonate, BSA, EDTA and XO enzyme was used to prepare reaction mixture, then 490 µL of mixture was added to 100 µL of cell lysates then incubated. Reaction was terminated by addition of 0.2 mL of 0.8 mmol cupric chloride to the mixture. Absorbance of produced formazan was measured at 560 nm by using a blank containing all the reagents except the cell lysate. SOD activity was also expressed as units per milligram protein.
In vitro intestinal toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles in rat and human cell models
Published in Nanotoxicology, 2019
Taylor E. Henson, Jana Navratilova, Alan H. Tennant, Karen D. Bradham, Kim R. Rogers, Michael F. Hughes
CuO nanopowder [diameter <50 nm by transmission electron microscopy (TEM); surface area, 29 m2/g; information from manufacturer] was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Lot. No MKBJ4678V, St. Louis, MO). NanoXact cuprous (I) oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticle colloids (diameter, 48 ± 7 nm by TEM; hydrodynamic diameter, 266 nm; surface area, 20 m2/g; information from manufacturer) in water (1 mg/mL) and coated with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) were purchased from nanoComposix (Lot No. HXJ01358, San Diego, CA). PVP used as an NP capping agent can minimize particle aggregation. Triton X-100, cuprous sulfate pentahydrate, and t-butyl hydrogen peroxide were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Cupric chloride was from Fisher Scientific (Hampton, NH).
Quercetin-loaded nanoparticles enhance cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity on C6 glioma cells
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2020
Melike Ersoz, Aysegul Erdemir, Serap Derman, Tulin Arasoglu, Banu Mansuroglu
The reaction mixture at pH 10.4 containing xanthine (0.3 mmol), nitro-blue tetrazolium (150 μgr/L), sodium carbonate (0.8 mmol), BSA (1 gr/ml), EDTA (0.6 mmol) and XO enzyme (167 U/mL) was added to cell lysates. Lysates were incubated for 20 min at 25 °C and reaction was terminated by addition of 0.8 mmol cupric chloride. The formazan produced in lysate was measured spectrophotometrically at 560 nm by using a blank containing all the reagents except the cell lysate. SOD activity was expressed as units per milligram protein.