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Beta Thalassemia
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Vitamin D supplementation (50,000 IU once a week until levels normalize) is recommended for patients with a vitamin D3 level less than 20 ng/dL. Calcium supplementation should also be encouraged if dietary intake is insufficient.6
Hypertension
Published in Gia Merlo, Kathy Berra, Lifestyle Nursing, 2023
Matthew Petersen, Steven Brady, Eileen M. Handberg, Monica Aggarwal
The current research pertaining to calcium and BP is mixed, and supplemental use of calcium for BP benefit is controversial. Dietary calcium has been associated with BP reduction in short- but not long-term longitudinal observational studies (Witteman et al., 1989). Meta-analyses of calcium supplementation showed a small effect on BP, lowering SBP by 1.2–1.4 mmHg with no effect on DBP (Bucher et al., 1996; Griffith et al., 1999). A recent review, however, highlighted that observational studies and RCTs have suggested that vitamin D and calcium supplementation have the potential for adverse outcomes and cardiovascular harm as well as an increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke (Michos et al., 2021). The authors call for cautious use of calcium supplementation and suggest that optimal calcium intake should be from dietary sources. At this time, these small effects of dietary supplemental calcium on BP do not support its regular use as a primary BP-lowering strategy and could increase the risk of harmful cardiovascular outcomes. Currently there is no strong evidence supporting the use of calcium supplementation as a primary strategy for BP control. There is some evidence suggesting that calcium supplementation could increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
Gastrointestinal Disease
Published in Praveen S. Goday, Cassandra L. S. Walia, Pediatric Nutrition for Dietitians, 2022
Justine Turner, Sally Schwartz
In avoiding lactose containing foods there is risk for inadequate intake of calcium, vitamin D, and riboflavin. Education should focus on managing a nutritionally complete lactose-free diet that provides high-calcium, low-lactose foods, such as fortified foods and beverages. Calcium supplementation may be required to meet calcium needs.
Nonlinearity association of serum calcium with the risk of anaemia in US adults
Published in Hematology, 2023
Zeling Chen, Jing Xu, Ping Ye, Xiaoqin Xin
In addition to the benefits of calcium, adverse effects of calcium supplementation were also found. A growing number of studies in recent years have reported that serum calcium levels were positively associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction [21,22]. Similarly, some observational studies found that calcium supplementation can lead to hypercalcaemia, which is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery calcification events [22–24]. In the present study, we concluded that serum calcium was negatively correlated with anaemia when serum calcium concentration was lower than 2.4 mmol/L. Our results may provide a reference for possible safe upper limits of calcium status about anaemia risk. There were few epidemiological studies to assess the relationship between calcium levels in serum and anaemia prevalence. In support of our results, a study including more than 8000 haemodialysis patients showed that calcium levels in serum were positively associated with hsemoglobin levels [25]. Another study concluded that there was an association between serum calcium and anaemia prevalence in a cohort with 382 individuals with chronic kidney disease [26]. However, the existing studies mostly focused on a subset of special populations, thus affecting the extensibility of the conclusions. In our study, a non-linear relationship between serum calcium and the risk of anaemia in a general population was examined.
Bone-friendly lifestyle and the role of calcium or vitamin D supplementation
Published in Climacteric, 2022
The macronutrient that does make an important contribution to bone health is protein. The progressive increases in height that have been documented in western countries over the last 150 years have been widely attributed to increasing protein intakes, possibly via effects on circulating IGF-1 levels. Cross-sectional studies in generally healthy adult populations have shown only a small impact of protein intake on bone density, explaining about 1% of its variance, and have not been consistently related to fracture risk [24,25]. In contrast, in older patients with recent hip fractures, protein supplements benefited proximal femur bone mineral density over the following year by 2.4% and reduced the time to hospital discharge from 54 days to 33 days [26]. Consistent with this, a cluster-randomized study of dairy product supplementation in institutionalized older women has recently reported reductions in total fractures (hazard ratio [HR] 0.46; 95% CI 0.27–0.80), hip fractures (HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.37–0.75) and falls (HR 0.91; 95% CI 0.86–0.97) [27]. This cohort had satisfactory levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and an average dietary calcium intake of 640 mg/day. Since calcium supplementation has not produced such dramatic beneficial effects in comparable populations, it is likely that other components of the dairy supplement, particularly its protein content, were critical to this effect.
Analyzing Blood Pressure Ascent during Aging in Non-Diabetics: Focusing on Links to Insulin Resistance and Body Fat Mass
Published in Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2021
Harry G. Preuss, Gilbert R Kaats, Nate Mrvichin, Debasis Bagchi
An interesting occurrence discovered via serendipity takes place in the same datum set when circulating calcium is used as an independent variable. Discoveries from these correlations led to Phase 3 – another means to examine the connection and interplay between FBG and body FM. Calcium supplementation has long been contemplated to have potential to ameliorate excess body fat accumulation (34–38). In the present report, this fact was corroborated; because marked differences occur in the correlations involving FBG and body FM (compare Figures 1b,c with Figure 8a,b) when calcium becomes the independent variable. In Figures 8a,b, while FBG levels remained fairly steady over the range of circulating calcium (black dots, black line), FM decreased statistically significantly with increasing calcium concentrations (blue dots, blue line). We believe that divergence between IR and fat accumulation here can be used to determine how FBG, representing IR, and FM influence various metabolic risk factors independently.