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Nutraceutical’s Role in Proliferation and Prevention of Gynecological Cancers
Published in Sheeba Varghese Gupta, Yashwant V. Pathak, Advances in Nutraceutical Applications in Cancer, 2019
Aaishwarya B. Deshmukh, Jayvadan K. Patel, Bharat Mishra
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester from propolis has strong cytotoxicity against Hs578T and MDA-MB-231 breast tumor cells [71]. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester by NF-κβ inhibition induces caspase-3 dependent apoptosis, prevents cell proliferation, and also increases the Bcl-2:Bax ratio. Curcumin and sulforaphane also exhibit antiproliferation action on breast cancer cells by modulating HDACs. Moderate cytotoxic effect was shown by triterpenoids obtained from bitter gourd to MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast tumor cells. Triterpenoids of bitter gourd have number of mechanisms including caspase-dependent apoptosis, downregulation of Akt-NF-κB signaling, activation of protein kinase by p38 mitogen, and upregulation of p-53, generation of ROS and increased cytoprotective autophagy, and decreased expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) protein. In some other cases, they act by modulation of apoptotic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ-targeted gene products [71,72].
Electrosmog from Communication Equipment
Published in William J. Rea, EMF Effects from Power Sources and Electrosmog, 2018
Long-term exposure of rats to 900 MHz mobile phone radiation produced oxidative stress (increased oxidant products of free radicals) in retinal tissue. Melatonin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) components of honeybee propolis administered daily to the animals prior to their electromagnetic radiation (EMR) exposure caused a significant reduction in the levels of the oxidant products.39 In a previous study of the same group, melatonin was found to reverse oxidative tissue injury in rat kidneys after 10 days exposure at 30 min per day to 900 MHz GSM radiation emitted by mobile phones.40
HIV Integrase Inhibitors
Published in Satya Prakash Gupta, Cancer-Causing Viruses and Their Inhibitors, 2014
Polyhydroxylated aromatic compounds possessing one or two catechol units, separated by different aromatic or aliphatic linker groups, were the first compounds found active against HIV IN (Fesen et al. 1993, 1994). Some of the natural products, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), flavonoids, curcumin, chicoric acid, and styrylquinoline derivatives, were studied extensively, which resulted in some of these inhibitors being selected for clinical trials (Figure 12.6).
Effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester use and inhibition of p42/44 MAP kinase signal pathway on caveolin 1 gene expression and antioxidant system in chronic renal failure model of rats
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2023
Yilmaz Cigremis, Hasan Ozen, Merve Durhan, Selahattin Tunc, Evren Kose
Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds with strong antioxidant activity. Their antioxidant and biological capacities depend on their chemical structure (Gulcin 2020). Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a flavonoid with strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory capabilities (Kart et al. 2009, 2010). It is a potent inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and the protein kinase B signaling pathways in T cells (Márquez et al. 2004, Wang et al. 2010). CAPE is one of the most studied antioxidant substances in a variety of conditions. PD98059 is also a flavone derivative and naturally found in fruits and vegetables (Kim et al. 2006). It has anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-angiogenic effects (Nguyen Thi et al. 2016). PD98059 is a selective mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) 1 inhibitor and hence may play role in MEK/ERK 1/2 pathway related to cellular proliferation and differentiation (Seger and Krebs 1995). These metabolic activities may also suggest that it may regulate antioxidant enzyme activities and hence inhibit the activity of reactive metabolites. Therefore, in this study, effects of p42/44 MAPK pathway inhibition by PD98059 and/or use of CAPE as a strong antioxidant agent were investigated in the CsA-induced renal cell failure model in rats. Potential effects in ameliorative capacities and potent mechanism in cellular protection was hence elucidated.
The safety of current pharmacotherapeutic strategies for osteosarcoma
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2021
Mariella Spalato, Antoine Italiano
There are no specific therapies for acute HDMTX-related neurotoxicity. According to the hypothesis of increased homocysteine levels after MTX administration, treatment with dextromethorphan, which is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, might aid in the resolution of neurological symptoms[106]. Small series suggested also the potential role of aminophylline (2.5 mg/kg)[107]. Considering the hypothesis of increased oxidative stress, natural antioxidant substances such as carvacrol and pomegranate extract may have protective effects.105 Another study showed that caffeic acid phenethyl ester may be neuroprotective against oxidative stress induced by MTX because of its antioxidant properties[108]. Furthermore, chlorogenic acid could reduce cell damage and apoptosis after treatment with MTX[109]. In a rat model, recent studies suggest that melatonin and hesperidin also protect against MTX-induced memory deficit and hippocampal neurogenesis impairment [110,111]. Nevertheless, the real impact of these treatments in humans is not supported by strong evidence, and their efficacy is speculative and based on hypothetic mechanisms of neurotoxicity. Thus, additional clinical studies are necessary to assess their efficacy in clinical settings.
Investigation of the effects of cephalosporin antibiotics on glutathione S-transferase activity in different tissues of rats in vivo conditions in order to drug development research
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2020
Fikret Türkan, Zübeyir Huyut, Parham Taslimi, Mehmet Tahir Huyut, İlhami Gülçin
Various compound groups are studied on GST activity and determined its impacts clinically and experimentally (Townsend and Tew 2003, Mahajan and Atkins 2005). These groups are combined with 7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoksadiazole derivatives, glutathione analogs, haloenol lactones, bifunctional inhibitors, plant polyphenolic compounds, ethacrynic acid, and its derivatives antimalarial drugs, tocopherols, and prodrugs activated by GST such as, nitric oxide donors and purine analogs (Erat and Şakiroğlu 2013). Also, it was studied the inhibition effect of Hypericin on the GST and found in a dose-dependent manner (Türkeş et al.2015). They observed noncompetitive type of inhibition. In the literature, some inhibition studies was performed on GST enzymes activity. For example, Gülçin et al., studied that the inhibition effects of rosmarinic acid on GST enzymes (Gülçin et al.2016a). Ki constants were calculated as 42.52 pM. In another study, it has reported that caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) showed inhibition effects on GST (Gülçin et al.2016b).