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Prosopis Cineraria (Khejri): Ethanopharmacology and Phytochemistry
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
Tarun Kumar Upadhyay, Manas Mathur, Rakesh Kumar Prajapat, Sunil Kumar Nagar, Kulveer Singh, Fahad Khan, Pratibha Pandey, Mohammad Mustufa Khan
Yadav et al. (2018) reported that due to adequate amount of phenolic rich ointment which is used in wound healing the plant possess potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials. They reported that butanol extracts possessed noteworthy in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacy.
Phytolacca dodecandra (African Soapberry) and Picrorhiza kurroa (Kutki)
Published in Azamal Husen, Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees of Potential Medicinal Benefits, 2022
K. Meenakshi, Mansi Shah, Indu Anna George
Lemma (1965) stated that the leaves, stem, and bark of the male plant possess higher molluscicidal activity than the female plant, and their potency did not vary with the seasons. The potency of the n-butanol extract was 7–10 times the potency of the aqueous extract. He also observed no change in the molluscicidal property of the arabe and ahiyo varieties of endod berries. The storage stability, checked at regular intervals of six months revealed that the molluscicidal potency of whole and powdered berries remained unchanged even after extended storage up to four years at room temperature (22°C).
Aquatic Plants Native to America
Published in Namrita Lall, Aquatic Plants, 2020
Bianca D. Fibrich, Jacqueline Maphutha, Carel B. Oosthuizen, Danielle Twilley, Khan-Van Ho, Chung-Ho Lin, Leszek P. Vincent, T. N. Shilpa, N. P. Deepika, B. Duraiswamy, S. P. Dhanabal, Suresh M. Kumar, Namrita Lall
The chemical constituents of several Cabomba species have been identified; however, there are not many reports on C. aquatica. A study conducted by Markom et al. (2009) on the phytochemical contents of Cabomba furcata (Red Cabomba) from Tasik Chini, Malaysia, found that several compound classes, namely saponins, alkaloids, and flavonoids were present. These compounds have previously been reported for their potential as larvicidal agents against mosquito and fly larvae (Markom et al. 2009). It has been reported that the acetone extract contained alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, and terpenoids. The butanol extract contained alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, and steroids. The methanol extract had alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, terpenoids, and glycosides (Malathy and Stanley 2015).
Cocoa beans improve mitochondrial biogenesis via PPARγ/PGC1α dependent signalling pathway in MPP+ intoxicated human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y)†
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2020
Saravana Babu Chidambaram, Abid Bhat, Bipul Ray, Mani Sugumar, Serva Peddha Muthukumar, Thamilarasan Manivasagam, Arokiasamy Justin Thenmozhi, Musthafa Mohamed Essa, Gilles J. Guillemin, Meena Kishore Sakharkar
SHSY5Y cells were mechanically harvested and centrifuged at 2000g (4°C) to collect the pellets. The cell membrane was removed by sonicating the cells with HEPES buffer (1 mM EGTA, 210 mM mannitol and 70 mM sucrose) and centrifuged to collect the cell lysate (supernatant). To 0.1 ml of the supernatant, sodium pyrophosphate buffer (0.25 ml; 0.025 M), PMS (0.025 ml; 186 µM) and NBT (0.075 ml; 300 µM) were added. 0.075 ml of NADH (780 µM) was added to initiate the reaction. The reaction mixture was incubated at 30°C for 90 s and then the reaction was terminated by adding glacial acetic acid (0.25 ml). The reaction mixture was mixed with n-butanol (2.0 ml), stirred vigorously, allowed to stand for 10 min and centrifuged. n-butanol alone served as a blank. The chromogen in butanol was read using spectrophotometer (560 nm). Result is expressed as Units (1unit = 50% inhibition of NBT reduction)/mg protein35.
Imidazopyridine-fused [1,3]diazepinones: modulations of positions 2 to 4 and their impacts on the anti-melanoma activity
Published in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2020
Paul Le Baccon-Sollier, Yohan Malki, Morgane Maye, Lamiaa M. A. Ali, Laure Lichon, Pierre Cuq, Laure-Anaïs Vincent, Nicolas Masurier
For other derivatives, diamines 3a-i, as trifluoroacetate salts, were directly reacted successively with a set of aldehydes with potassium carbonate and iodine at 70 °C overnight. Initially, tert-butanol was used as the solvent. However, we found that tetrahydrofurane (THF) gave the same results and as it is easier to remove, this solvent was preferred for the cyclisation step. Pyrido-imidazodiazepinones 5–13 and 15–20 were finally isolated in 8–98% yield, after purification by chromatography on alumina gel. The introduction of a chiral center alpha to the carbonyl group might lead to partial racemization. However, using chiral HPLC analysis, we previously demonstrated that no epimerization occured during the synthesis of diazepine derivatives13.
Biochemical, hematological, and hormonal profile of rats orally administered methanol stem bark extract of Napoleona vogelii Hook and Planch (Lecythidaceae)
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2019
Victor Olabowale Ikumawoyi, Esther Oluwatoyin Agbaje, Olufunsho Awodele, Akinwumi Akinyinka Akinyede
The method of Obdoni and Ochuko (2001) was employed. The samples were ground and 20 g of each was put into a conical flask and 100 cm3 of 20% of aqueous ethanol was added. The samples were heated over a hot water bath for 4 h with continuous stirring at approximately 55 °C. The mixture was filtered and the residue re-extracted with another 200 ml of 20% of ethanol. The combined extracts were reduced to 40 ml over water bath at approximately 90 °C. The concentrate was transferred into a 250 ml separatory funnel and 20 ml of diethyl ether was added and shaken vigorously. The aqueous layer was recovered while the ether layer was discarded. The purification process was repeated. Sixty milliliter of n-butanol was added. The combined n-butanol extracts were washed twice with 10 ml of 5% of aqueous sodium chloride. The remaining solution was heated in a water bath. After evaporation the samples were dried in the oven to a constant weight and the saponin content was calculated.