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Therapeutic Efficacy of Black Pepper in Gastrointestinal Disorders
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants for Human Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2023
Black pepper is a well-known spice with piperine being the main alkaloid that is responsible for its pungency in flavor. Black pepper is composed of various alkaloids, carbohydrates, and starch, etc.40,53 Piperine is used to stimulate hunger and increase salivary secretions.22 Black pepper has comprehensive medicinal properties against various diseases, such as increasing digestion, shortening gastrointestinal tract (GIT) holding time, protect damage due to oxidation, lowering oxidative degradation of lipids, gastroprotective, masking drug biotransforming reactions, bioavailability improvement of various pharmaceuticals, antimutagenic, antitumor, etc.65
Potential of Spices As Medicines and Immunity Boosters
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
Minoo Divakaran, K. Nirmal Babu, K. V. Peter
Pattanaik et al. (2006) had also showed how piperine, the active principle in P. longum, P. nigrum and Zingiber officinalis, increased the oral bioavailability of phenytoin in patients with uncontrolled epilepsy. Black pepper is used as an aromatic stimulant in cholera, vertigo, and coma and as a stomachic in dyspepsia and flatulence, and also as protection against filariasis.
Indian Diet and Cancer Prevention
Published in Sheeba Varghese Gupta, Yashwant V. Pathak, Advances in Nutraceutical Applications in Cancer, 2019
Vasudha Pritipaul, Asra Sami, Sheeba Varghese Gupta
Piper nigrum or black pepper is a spice that originated in Kerala, a region in India. Over time, black pepper became accessible to the rest of the world through trade [44]. It remains a staple ingredient in the Indian diet.
Self-treatment attempt of tobacco use disorder with Melissa officinalis: a case report and brief review of literature
Published in Journal of Addictive Diseases, 2023
Baris Sancak, Gizem Dokuzlu, Ozan Özcan, Urun Ozer Agirbas
There is a limited number of studies on the consumption of herbal products in the treatment of tobacco use disorder. In the literature, a case that consumed cloves as a cigarette to quit smoking23 and a case that used thyme as a cigarette to quit cannabis have been reported.24 Consumption of herbs commonly found in homes as cigarettes for the purpose of self-treatment in addiction may be more frequent than expected. Among studies examining other plants, one was revealed that black pepper extract consumed via inhalation could significantly reduce nicotine craving symptoms compared to the control group.25 Another herb, on which controlled studies have been done in smoking cessation treatment, St. John’s Wort, was found to be beneficial in withdrawal symptoms,26 but it could not maintain a significant advantage over placebo in 6-month in smoking cessation success.27 It was observed that the pastilles of the Vernonia cinerea plant helped to quit smoking significantly compared to placebo in 12 weeks of regular use.28 A study examining the effects of 21 commonly used medicinal herbal teas in the smoking cessation process, showed that eleven of them might be beneficial in the treatment of tobacco use disorder due to their high antioxidant and nicotine degradation activities. It has been observed that medicinal herb teas, which are found to be beneficial, accelerated the conversion metabolism from nicotine to cotinine, reduced craving and withdrawal symptoms compared to placebo.29
The attenuation effect of low piperine Piper nigrum extract on doxorubicin-induced toxicity of blood chemical and immunological properties in mammary tumour rats
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Jirakrit Saetang, Aman Tedasen, Surasak Sangkhathat, Natnaree Sangkaew, Sirinapa Dokduang, Napat Prompat, Siriporn Taraporn, Potchanapond Graidist
Black pepper, or Piper nigrum L. (Piperaceae), is an important medicinal plant with a long history of use in the compositions of traditional medicines in numerous tropical countries. The extract of P. nigrum consists of various alkaloids, terpenes, steroids, lignans, flavones and alkamides, which contribute to antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer activities (Butt et al. 2013). However, the major substance in the black pepper extract, piperine, has been reported for its toxicity through the induction of reactive oxygen species and hydroxyl radicals in rat testes (Daware et al. 2000; Chinta et al. 2017). Another study revealed that piperine promoted the stability of Aspergillus derived aflatoxin B1 in the liver (Allameh et al. 1992). To avoid these unsatisfactory effects, we improved this extract by eliminating piperine from the black pepper extract using a specific method (Sriwiriyajan et al. 2014). Interestingly, this extract demonstrated a strong antitumor effect in both the preventive and therapeutic aspects of mammary tumour-bearing rats and cholangiocarcinoma cell lines (Sriwiriyajan et al. 2014, 2016; Tedasen et al. 2020). Importantly, the fraction of P. nigrum with low levels of piperine showed more toxicity against several breast cancer cell lines than piperine containing fractions (Sriwiriyajan et al. 2014). In addition to the direct apoptosis inducing effect on tumours, PFPE also promoted antitumor immunity by regulating Th1/Th2/Treg cells (Saetang et al. 2021).
Roles of citric acid in conjunction with saline nebulization in experimental tracheostomy in guinea pigs
Published in Experimental Lung Research, 2018
Binbin Mei, Feifei Cui, Chao Wu, Zunjia Wen, Wenting Wang, Meifen Shen
Additionally, as mentioned above, citric acid can effectively induce cough reflex, which has been widely confirmed. In our study, we indirectly estimated the change of cough by detecting SP level. SP is considered to be an important neuropeptide, pharyngeal, laryngeal, and tracheal epithelium, the sites most important for initiation of cough reflex, have extensive plexus of nerves that contain substance P.13,35 The depression or elevation of SP is thought to be associated with the impairment or improvement of cough reflex.13,14 As previously reported, pharmacological and mechanical stimulation, such as olfactory stimulation using black pepper, oral care using daily brushing, could increase the local SP concentration and improve the cough-reflex sensitivity.46,47 However, SP has not been studied in tracheotomy at risk of cough impairment. Therefore, we examined SP concentration in guinea pigs with tracheostomy, and compared the results with different treatments. Consistent with the results from previous research,48 our study also found that tracheostomy resulted in a significant reduction in the SP level, which was significant enhancement when taking nebulization with citric acid. Taken together, we demonstrated that the positive roles of citric acid in conjunction with saline nebulization in the alleviation of tracheotomy related injuries, and the underlying mechanism of citric acid may be related to citric acid-induced cough stimulation.