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Therapeutic Efficacy of Black Pepper in Gastrointestinal Disorders
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants for Human Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2023
The pungent taste of black pepper is due to the presence of piperine.40 Not only piperine, but also piperanine, piperylin-A, piperolein-B, piperi-cine, and piperettine possess some degree of pungency. Some alkaloids are obtained by extraction from black pepper. Figure 8.3 shows some chemical constituents derived from black pepper.57
Scientific Rationale for the Use of Single Herb Remedies in Ayurveda
Published in D. Suresh Kumar, Ayurveda in the New Millennium, 2020
S. Ajayan, R. Ajith Kumar, Nirmal Narayanan
Reports on the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities justify the use of P. longum in the treatment of pḷīha (splenomegaly) and yakṛt (hepatomegaly). Agnimāndya or “lowering of abdominal fire” is a term used to describe a reduction in digestive efficiency. Dietary piperine, by favorably stimulating digestive enzymes of pancreas, enhances the digestive capacity and significantly reduces gastrointestinal food transit time (Srinivasan 2007).
Maritime Routes through Sri Lanka: Medicinal Plants and Spices
Published in Raymond Cooper, Jeffrey John Deakin, Natural Products of Silk Road Plants, 2020
The bioactive compound in pepper is an alkaloid known as piperine (Figure 13.5). It is responsible for the pungency experienced when ingesting pepper. By stimulating the digestive enzymes of the pancreas, piperine enhances digestive capacity and significantly reduces gastrointestinal food transit time (Srinivasan, 2009). The black pepper extract has also been used extensively in the traditional medicinal system of Sri Lanka to treat fevers, digestive disorders, urinary difficulties, rheumatism, neuralgia, and boils (Karalliedde and Gawarammana, 2008). Capitalizing on the properties of piperine, bioperine is a standardized extract prepared from the fruits of black pepper (Piper nigrum) or long pepper (Piper longum). In fact, the piperine content is 95% or more, compared to only 3%–9% found in raw forms of these peppers. Bioperine is known to enhance the bioavailability of nutrients. Due to its ability to increase the absorption of nutrients comprising nutritional supplement formulations, bioperine has been termed a natural thermo-nutrient and bioavailability enhancer.
Antiinflammatory Activities of Curcumin and Spirulina: Focus on Their Role against COVID-19
Published in Journal of Dietary Supplements, 2023
Angelica Perna, Eleonora Hay, Carmine Sellitto, Emiliano Del Genio, Maria De Falco, Germano Guerra, Antonio De Luca, Paolo De Blasiis, Angela Lucariello
To overcome the drawbacks of bioavailability and rapid metabolism of curcumin, it can be associated with other nutraceuticals, such as piperine (Esposito et al. 2019), the major active constituent of black pepper (Piper nigrum). Piperine is an alkaloid, principally isolated from several members of the Piperaceae family, including P. nigrum, Piper longum, Piper chaba, Piper guineense and Piper sarmentosum. Among its many benefits there are antioxidant, antitumor, antihypertensive, anti-asthmatics, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, antispasmodic, hepato-protective, antidepressant, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, antifungal, antiapoptotic, antithyroid, antimutagenic, antimetastatic, and anti-spermatogenic (Haq et al. 2021). Furthermore, a review published in 2002 summarizes the qualities of piperine as an absorption enhancer and potent inhibitor of drug metabolism (Acharya et al. 2012).
Development of piperine nanoemulsions: an alternative topical application for hypopigmentation
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2022
Burcu Ozkan, Ebru Altuntas, Rabia Cakir Koc, Yasemin Budama-Kilinc
Piper longum L. (long pepper) and Piper nigrum L. (black pepper) (Piperaceae) are traditionally used in Indian medicine and are among the most widely used spices in the world. Piperine is an alkaloid derived from its oleoresin in black pepper, giving the bitter taste of P. longum L. and P. nigrum L. [13]. Recently, piperine has been found to be effective in the pigmentation mechanism as well as other biological activities [14]. A group of scientists from King's College London showed that basic alkaloid piperine and its synthetic derivatives stimulate skin pigmentation and are effective in restoring skin pigmentation [10]. In a study conducted by Soumyanath et al., piperine has been demonstrated to increase melanocyte proliferation in vitro, and act through protein kinase C stimulation [15]. In another study, it was observed that the aqueous extract of piperine (0.1 mg/ml) stimulated the growth of mouse melanocyte line culture by approximately 300% within 8 days [16]. In this content, piperine can be considered as a potential active ingredient with its biological activities on melanogenesis, providing the re-occurrence of pigmentation and these findings may lead to better outcomes in the development of potential treatments. It can also reduce the risk of skin cancer by reducing the need for UV radiation in the treatment of vitiligo.
Lipopolysaccharides derived from gram-negative bacterial pool of human gut microbiota promote inflammation and obesity development
Published in International Reviews of Immunology, 2022
Liyu Du, Xi Lei, Jie Wang, Li Wang, Qingping Zhong, Xiang Fang, Pan Li, Bing Du, Yutao Wang, Zhenlin Liao
In addition to the described probiotics, prebiotics, and anthocyanins that can strengthen the intestinal barrier, microbial tryptophan metabolites, such as indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), play a role in enhancing the integrity of the intestinal epithelial. IPA treatment can improve HFD-induced intestinal damage and reduce the expression of LPS-induced inflammatory factors, Hydrogen is used to mediate lipid metabolism due to its anti-inflammatory effect [76]. Polyphenolic substances such as chlorogenic acid have inhibitory effects on the expression of NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines and important adhesion molecule nerve injury-inducing protein 1 (Ninj1), which are regulated by NF-κB pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Therefore, these substances can be used to reduce the accumulation of fat by inhibiting inflammatory reactions [65]. For example, Paeonol can be used to alleviate inflammation, and to inhibit TLR4 and NF-κB signaling pathways to reduce endotoxin-induced renal injury. Piperine can be used to inhibit the infiltration of macrophages in epididymal adipose tissue [77]. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, galectin-3 (GAL3) and IL-1 β in epididymal adipose tissue decreased sharply after piperine treatment. Piperine can significantly improve the overall metabolic inflammation of obese mice, thus improving severe insulin resistance [78]. The evidence collected in the present article support our conclusion that Anti-inflammatory substances can be used to treat obesity by inhibiting the accumulation of fat. This may provide further insight into new ways of treating obesity.