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Salmonella Carriage
Published in Firza Alexander Gronthoud, Practical Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2020
Second-line treatment includes: Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (160 mg/800 mg orally twice daily) for 3 months.Ampicillin or amoxicillin (3–5 g orally in four divided doses) for 6 weeks (depending upon susceptibilities of the isolate).A combination of cholecystectomy plus antibiotic therapy is probably most effective but does not guarantee carriage will be eradicated.
Lymphatic disorders
Published in Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie, Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 2018
Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie
Analgesia is often required but non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should be avoided as they have been associated with increased complications, including necrotising fasciitis. Any lymphatic massage should be ceased in the presence of active infection. Amoxycillin can be taken by patients who self-medicate. The use of long-term prophylactic antibiotics is not evidence based, but penicillin V 500 mg daily is probably reasonable in patients who suffer two or more attacks per year. However, the benefits of scrupulous compliance with physical therapy and skin care cannot be underestimated.
Gynaecological disorders in children
Published in Brice Antao, S Irish Michael, Anthony Lander, S Rothenberg MD Steven, Succeeding in Paediatric Surgery Examinations, 2017
Lisa M Allen, Rachel F Spitzer
The most common infectious causes of vaginitis are the upper respiratory tract pathogens: streptococcus group A and Haemophilus influenzae both usually present with an acute course, with profuse vaginal discharge and associated severe vulvar and vaginal erythema. The history in scenario 5 of both a recent upper respiratory tract infection and an acute course suggests this as the most likely diagnosis. Treatment with a course of amoxicillin will often eradicate the infection.
New insights into the treatment of acute otitis media
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2023
Rana E. El Feghaly, Amanda Nedved, Sophie E. Katz, Holly M. Frost
When an antibiotic is necessary, the AAP [2] and most European guidelines (82%) [53] recommend amoxicillin for first-line treatment for uncomplicated AOM. Amoxicillin is a preferred agent given its efficacy, tolerability, low cost, and narrow spectrum of activity. However, there has been considerable controversy over the optimal first-line antibiotic treatment for AOM [76]. This controversy has been driven largely by the changing epidemiology of AOM [3] and a robust increase in AOM-associated organisms that are resistant to amoxicillin/penicillin [35]. Unfortunately, no clinical trials have directly compared the efficacy of amoxicillin to placebo or to broader-spectrum antibiotics since the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Trials in the PCV era that have compared antibiotics to placebo have exclusively used broader-spectrum agents such as amoxicillin-clavulanate [77,78].
Amoxicillin-associated Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis: systematic review
Published in Journal of Chemotherapy, 2023
Ana V. Pejcic, Milos N. Milosavljevic, Marko Folic, Diana Fernandes, João Bentes, Miralem Djesevic, Slobodan Jankovic
Amoxicillin is one of the most commonly used antibiotics in primary care setting [7]. It is a semisynthetic amino-penicillin with bactericidal activity toward a wide variety of gram-positive bacteria and some gram-negative organisms [7]. Amoxicillin is used for the treatment of tonsillitis, pharyngitis, otitis media, lower respiratory tract infections, skin and skin structure infections, urinary tract infections and for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori [8]. It can be administered alone or in combination with clavulanic acid, a beta-lactamase inhibitor that provides the efficacy of amoxicillin against resistant strains of bacteria [7]. Both amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate are generally well-tolerated [7,9]. Their use may occasionally be accompanied by mild gastrointestinal side effects, such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, while serious side effects such as hepatotoxicity and hypersensitivity reactions are rare [7,9]. SJS/TEN is one of very rare adverse drug reactions associated with the use of amoxicillin [10].
Amoxicillin chewable tablets intended for pediatric use: formulation development, stability evaluation and taste assessment
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2021
Maria S. Synaridou, Paraskevi Kyriaki Monou, Constantinos K. Zacharis, Dimitrios G. Fatouros, Irene Panderi, Catherine K. Markopoulou
Amoxicillin is a penicillin (beta-lactam) antibiotic that is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a first or second line of treatment drug for common infections. Therefore, it is included in the List of Essential Medicines which are used to treat certain diseases caused by Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria, such as pneumonia, bronchitis or infections of the ears, nose, throat, urinary tract, and skin (WHO 2019). Amoxicillin’s distinct odor and bitter, metallic taste makes it extremely challenging to produce palatable formulations for child healthcare. Therefore, its unpleasant aftertaste has been covered up by using excipients based on chocolate and baby food (i.e. maize starch). Cocoa powder and chocolate are made from the dried seeds that are found in the fruits of the cacao tree. Chocolate is recommended for the children since it plays a vital role in stimulating the brain’s hippocampus by the presence of flavonoids and vitamins (Bhattacharjee and Akoroda 2018). These elements, when stimulated, result in developing good concentration and effective memory. Additionally, the antioxidants present in chocolate play a key role blocking the formation of any free radicals within the child’s body and preventing them from damaging the body internally.