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Natural Plant Dyes of Oriental Carpets
Published in Raymond Cooper, Jeffrey John Deakin, Natural Products of Silk Road Plants, 2020
Drying and fermenting the roots, which contains the colorless glycoside of the dye, will yield alizarin – first isolated in 1826 by the French chemist Pierre Jean Robiquet. Alizarin continues to be used in modern times in biochemical assays to quantitatively determine by colorimetry calcium and calcium compounds, which are stained red or light purple by the dye. Alizarin, though nowadays from synthetic sources, continues to be used commercially as a red textile dye.
ExperimentaL Oral Medicine
Published in Samuel Dreizen, Barnet M. Levy, Handbook of Experimental Stomatology, 2020
Samuel Dreizen, Barnet M. Levy
Ziskin and Applebaum10 studied the action of thyroidectomy and of thyroid stimulation on the growing permanent dentition of the rhesus monkey. The study group was comprised of ten females distributed as follows: five thyroidectomized, two castrated and thyroidectomized, three normal injected with a thyrotropic hormone. Each was given two or more injections of alizarin red S preexperimentally, followed by one to three injections i.p. during the study period of 10 and 100 days.
ENTRIES A–Z
Published in Philip Winn, Dictionary of Biological Psychology, 2003
The deposition of CALCIUM, causing hardening of tissues or the formation of calcium- rich deposits (which can be identified using ALIZARIN RED) within tissues. Calcification is associated with tissue degeneration: following EXCITOTOXIC LESIONS for example, calcium rich deposits often appear around a lesioned area.
The use of chitosan/PLA nano-fibers by emulsion eletrospinning for periodontal tissue engineering
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2018
Renze Shen, Weihong Xu, Yanxiang Xue, Luyuan Chen, Haicheng Ye, Enyi Zhong, Zhanchao Ye, Jie Gao, Yurong Yan
The osteoinductive capacity of a scaffold to support differentiation of cultured cells is another important aspect suggesting actual applicability of the scaffolds; inducing and activating more osteoblasts is regarded as one of the most important osteoinductive capacity. BMSCs are usually selected as the seed cells for generating osteoblasts in vitro [24]. In this study, we used the BMSCs to test the osteoinductive capacity of the scaffold. The Alizarin red staining assay binds to calcium salts selectively and is widely used for calcium mineral histochemistry. In this study, we used it to examine mineralized nodules formed by BMSCs cultured in osteogenic medium after 2 weeks. In this study, cells cultured on chitosan nanoparticles/PLA nano-fibers clearly showed matrix mineralization with more intense ARS staining than the PLA group and TCP group (Figure 9). Quantification of mineralization related genes by real-time PCR after 2 weeks of induction also indicated that chitosan nano-particles/PLA nano-fibers increases the expression levels of genes regulating osteogenic differentiation. These genes include Runx2, OPG, Collagen I, RANKL (Figure 10). Chitosan induces the mineralization in bone tissue. This experiment added it to the polylactic acid fiber, and the material induces the formation of bone mineral mineralization.
Preparation of MC3T3-E1 cell sheets through short-term osteogenic medium application
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2018
Atakan Tevlek, Sedat Odabas, Ekin Çelik, Halil Murat Aydin
Calcium quantities of the sheets were studied by cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and formed calcium particles were stained with Alizarin Red-S (Sigma-Aldrich, Munich, Germany). Briefly, medium was discarded from each well and the wells were washed with PBS twice. Then, cells were fixed with 70% (v/v) EtOH for 1 h. Following the fixation, cell sheets were rinsed with distilled water twice. Afterwards, 1% (w/v) Alizarin Red aqueous solution at pH 4.2 was applied to each sample for 20 min at room temperature on an orbital shaker. At the end of the incubation time, samples were washed with distilled water five times. Lastly, PBS washing was applied for 20 min to remove nonspecific staining. The stained cell sheets were observed under a phase contrast microscope with a digital camera (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany). After imaging, cells were de-stained with 1 mL of 10% (w/v) CPC (Sigma-Aldrich, Munich, Germany) prepared in 10 mL of sodium phosphate (10 mM and pH 7) for 15 min with gentle rotation at room temperature. Afterwards, 200 µL of samples were collected from the wells as three parallels and were read at 562 nm by using a microplate reader (BioTek, Potton, UK). A standard curve was prepared by combining different amount of Alizarin Red stock solution with 10% (w/v) CPC solution. The concentration of Alizarin Red staining was determined by comparing the absorbance values with standard curve.
Effect of TAK1 on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by regulating BMP-2 via Wnt/β-catenin and MAPK pathway
Published in Organogenesis, 2018
Hongpeng Yang, Yue Guo, Dawei Wang, Xiaofei Yang, Chengzhi Ha
Mineralization was measured using Alizarin red S (Sigma, MO, USA) staining and phase-contrast microscopy. Cells were incubated with 2% Alizarin red at pH 4.2 for 10 min and then washed with distilled water; the sub-cultured cells were observed using phase-contrast microscopy to examine cell morphology and verify the presence of mineralized nodules. Quantitative analysis of Alizarin Red Staining was performed after dye extraction with 200 μL 10% acetic acid during 30 minutes under agitation. Recovered supernatant was further centrifuged, heated to 85°C for 10 minutes and cooled at 4°C. After centrifugation at 20,000 g for 15 minutes pH of supernatant was neutralized using 75 μL of 10% Ammonium hydroxide. Concentrations were calculated by determining OD405 against known Alizarin Red concentrations.