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Pregnancy
Published in Judy More, Infant, Child and Adolescent Nutrition, 2021
Studies have shown that teenage pregnancy is associated with:lower gestational weight gain;an increased risk of low birthweight;pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH);preterm labour;iron-deficiency anaemia;maternal mortality.
Education and support for young mothers
Published in Mary L. Nolan, Parent Education for the Critical 1000 Days, 2020
Who exactly are ‘young mothers’ needs defining in the context of early parenting education because approaches to teaching and learning that are suitable for thirteen- and fourteen-year-olds may be very different from those appropriate for eighteen- or nineteen-year-olds. The educator’s aim of building a peer support network may be thwarted if young people at very different stages of their physical, social and emotional development are grouped together. The phrase ‘teenage pregnancy’ excludes young mothers in their early twenties, yet these women may still be vulnerable in many of the same respects as their younger peers, that is, financially insecure, unsupported, lacking in qualifications, still in the process of becoming autonomous, self-determining adults. Educators need to be clear with colleagues who may recruit young mothers into their early education programmes about the age range their programme is intended for.
Enhanced decision-making in midwifery
Published in Elaine Jefford, Julie Jomeen, Empowering Decision-Making in Midwifery, 2019
Samantha Nolan, Joyce Hendricks
In high-income countries, ongoing maternal risks include depression, rapid repeat pregnancy and difficulties returning to education or employment – issues that often result in long-term financial strain and feelings of isolation for the adolescent mother (Marino, Lewis, Bateson, Hickey, & Skinner, 2016; Siegel & Brandon, 2014; Teenage Pregnancy Independent Advisory Group, 2010; Whitworth, Cockerill, & Lamb, 2017). Consequently, depression is associated with adverse effects on maternal-infant attachment and mother-infant interactions that negatively impact the infants’ cognitive, social, and emotional development (Dubber, Reck, Müller, & Gawlik, 2015; Miklush & Connelly, 2013). For infants of adolescent mothers across all-income countries, risks include stillbirth and infant death, prematurity, low birth weight and subsequent cognitive and developmental delay (Fall et al., 2015; Ganchimeg et al., 2014; Jahromi, Umaña-Taylor, Updegraff, & Lara, 2012; Morinis, Carson, & Quigley, 2013; Torvie et al., 2015; Whitworth et al., 2017). Importantly, it must be acknowledged that that many of the identified risks to adolescent mothers and their children can be ameliorated by successful engagement with appropriate health, psychosocial and education services in any global context (Marino et al., 2016; Price-Robertson, 2010; Sagili, Pramya, Prabhu, Mascarenhas, & Reddi Rani, 2012; Smyth & Anderson, 2014). Challenges associated with and strategies to enhance successful engagement with services will now be explored.
Prevalence, Trends, and Factors Associated with Teen Motherhood in Nigeria: An Analysis of the 2008–2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys
Published in International Journal of Sexual Health, 2023
Yusuf Olushola Kareem, Zubaida Abubakar, Babatunde Adelekan, Edward Kwabena Ameyaw, Fred Yao Gbagbo, Erika Goldson, Ulla Mueller, Sanni Yaya
Several factors account for the prevalence of teenage pregnancy, some of these factors include rural-urban differentials, poor socioeconomic status, early onset of menarche, peer pressure, limited education, poor reproductive health knowledge, and unsafe sexual practices (Akombi-Inyang et al., 2022; Cook & Cameron, 2017; Francis Fagbamigbe et al., 2019; Institute, 2016) Teenage girls often engage in unsafe behaviors just to conform to widely held societal stereotypes of what is deemed attractive by the opposite sex (Kågesten et al., 2016; Rudman & Glick, 2021). Also, prior research has shown that teenagers have poor knowledge of birth control measures due to the cultural inappropriateness of sex education in many places of the world (Miller, 2002). Cultural conflict with sexuality education in Nigerian has also been pointed out (Fakeye, 2014; Mukoro, 2017a). Hence, the need for sexuality education initiatives to be harmonized within the context of socio-cultural values in Nigeria cannot be overemphasized.
“Family Planning Is Not a Bad Thing”: A Qualitative Study of Individual Level Factors Explaining Hormonal Contraceptive Uptake and Consistent Use Among Adolescent Girls in the Kintampo Area of Ghana
Published in Women's Reproductive Health, 2023
Ellen A. Boamah-Kaali, Robert A. C. Ruiter, Marlous J. Rodriguez, Yeetey Enuameh, Seth Owusu-Agyei, Kwaku Poku Asante, Fraukje E. F. Mevissen
Pregnancy- and childbirth-related complications are noted as the primary cause of death among adolescent girls worldwide (World Health Organisation, 2020a), and their children have increased risks of low birth weight, preterm delivery, and poor neonatal outcomes (Ganchimeg et al., 2014). Teenage pregnancy also results in school dropouts, potentially leading families into poverty (Rosenberg et al., 2015). In addition, most teenage pregnancies are unintended, and pregnant girls have reported negative responses from their surroundings including lack of support; refusal of their male partners to accept responsibility; threats of being disowned by family; and stigmatization from friends, family, and even health care providers (Anima et al., 2022, Engelbert Bain et al., 2019; Kotoh et al., 2022, Krugu et al., 2017, Kumi Kyereme et al., 2014). These, among other reasons, lead many girls to abort their pregnancies, often in unsafe ways with negative health consequences and sometimes even death (World Health Organisation, 2021, Engelbert Bain et al., 2019). About 5.6 million adolescent pregnancies are aborted every year globally (Guttmacher Institute, 2020).
Responding to the pressing yet unrecognized needs of student-parents amid the COVID-19 pandemic
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2022
Hung-Chu Lin, Paula L. Zeanah, Dianne F. Olivier, Megan A. Bergeron, Cindy H. Liu
Examples of more long-term support include creating a campus climate that respects student-parents and combats the stigma of teenage pregnancy; offering child care grants; providing targeted-advising session or targeted-advisors who are knowledgeable about the challenges of this population; creating peer or support groups to reduce isolation and strengthen within-community responses; offering parenting workshops and establishing websites for networking and information sharing; and ensuring the campus is “family friendly” by offering breastfeeding lounges and computer labs, and family activities such as family movie nights. Because student-parents tend to be from under-represented groups,7 prioritizing the needs of student-parents may also advance the institutions’ efforts toward diversity, equity, and inclusion. Furthermore, it is important to recognize that addressing the needs of students-parents also entails the most direct and far-reaching influences on the next-generation: Children of college graduates are more likely to go to college and persist through degree or certificate attainment.25 Thus, ensuring that student-parents are successful may turn out to be conducive to mitigating inequity that begins long before the next-generation reaches university campus.