China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
The Neonate
Published in Vincenzo Berghella, Obstetric Evidence Based Guidelines, 2022
Laura De Angelis, Luca Ramenghi
Neonatal encephalopathy is defined as a pathologic neurobehavioral state with altered level of consciousness and other signs of neurologic and motor dysfunction. It is caused by many conditions, both transitory (e.g. hypoglycemia, maternal drugs) and permanent (e.g. hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, neonatal stroke), which may result in a permanent neurologic impairment [14, 15].
Hypoxia–ischemia
Published in Lena Hellström-Westas, Linda S. de Vries, Ingmar Rosén, Atlas of AMPLITUDE-INTEGRATED EEGs in the NEWBORN, 2008
Lena Hellström-Westas, Linda S de Vries, Ingmar Rosén
The presence of epileptic seizure activity does not seem to be as strong a predictor as the background activity. Seizures did not seem to affect outcome in asphyxiated infants with mild HIE or a normal EEG. However, seizures were correlated with worse outcome in infants with moderate to severe HIE or a low voltage EEG.123–125 In a recent study of 56 full-term infants an aEEG diagnosis of status epilepticus (SE) background activity at the onset of SE was noted to be the main predictor of neurodevelopmental outcome. The duration of the SE was only of predictive value in a subgroup of 48 infants with HIE.126 Furthermore, the postnatal age when postasphyctic seizures develop could be correlated with outcome, although different results have been obtained.118,120 Onset beyond 12 h of neonatal seizures is more common in neonatal stroke than HIE, and these infants are more likely to present with hemiconvulsions. Table 5.2 presents a summary of predictive features in aEEG, modified from reference 118.
The potential of cell therapies for cerebral palsy: where are we today?
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2023
Iona Novak, Madison CB Paton, Alexandra R Griffin, Michelle Jackman, Remy K Blatch-Williams, Megan Finch-Edmondson
Research to date has largely included all subtypes and ages of children with CP [10,11]. This is both a strength and a weakness of the evidence base. On the one hand, cells appear safe for all types of CP, but it is not yet possible to tease apart best-responders from non-responders. Timing is another key issue; short-acting transient cells (such as MSCs) are likely to have higher efficacy in the acute phase of brain injury, whereas engrafting replacement cells (such as NSCs) will plausibly work even in adulthood. A recent clinical trial that compared MSCs to UCB head-to-head in children with CP, found UCB produced superior results [12]. Results suggest that UCB might be helpful in both the acute and chronic phases of brain injury acting on prolonged inflammation. Thus, UCB might be helpful for all subtypes of CP at all ages. Whereas MSCs may be more efficacious in the acute injury phase and are thus being explored for a number of CP causal pathways including neonatal stroke and acute hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.
Pandemic Perils and Promise: Implementation of a Virtual Parenting Intervention during COVID-19 among Children with Early Neurological Conditions
Published in Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 2022
Tricia S. Williams, Brittany Burek, Angela Deotto, Meghan K. Ford, Rivka Green, Shari L. Wade
Participants of the current study were recruited from the Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto, Ontario) a large Canadian pediatric hospital. Inclusion criteria: 1) parent of a child age three to nine years, 2) child has a neurological condition confirmed through record review (e.g., neonatal stroke, epilepsy, ASD, preterm birth; see Supplemental Table 1 for details), 3) child has a clinical concern regarding behavior or emotion regulation, and 4) child was a registered hospital outpatient in any one of the following departments: Psychology, Psychiatry, Cardiology, Neurology, or Neonatal Follow-Up. Exclusion criteria: 1) significant parent cognitive or psychiatric impairment in need of urgent treatment based on screening measures. Prior exclusion criteria included lack of English literacy/language, however, during the pandemic we facilitated two families’ participation by providing interpreter services in circumstances in which English was not the parents’ primary language. Feasibility data from our published pre-COVID-19 trial included participants who had completed the programme (same inclusion criteria) prior to the onset of COVID-19 (between July 2019 and February 2020).18
Clinical utilisation of the Infant Monitor of vocal Production (IMP) for early identification of communication impairment in young infants at-risk of cerebral palsy: a prospective cohort study
Published in Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 2022
R Ward, N Hennessey, E Barty, C Elliott, J Valentine, R Cantle Moore
Infants at risk of CP. Children identified as “at-risk” of CP were recruited through Western Australia’s state-wide tertiary early intervention service for infants at-risk of CP. The inclusion criteria were (a) infants considered at high risk of CP based on abnormal MRI findings or General Movement Assessment or medical history that placed the infant at high risk, as determined by the medical consultant (e.g., neonatal encephalopathy, neonatal stroke, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy)55,56; (b) referral and acceptance into the early intervention service before 6 months of age; and (c) completion of the Receptive-Expressive Emergent Language Test – third edition (REEL-3) and IMP just prior to 6 months of age by the managing speech-language pathologist within the early intervention service.