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Adolescent Pregnancy
Published in S Paige Hertweck, Maggie L Dwiggins, Clinical Protocols in Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 2022
Risk factors for adolescent pregnancy include interfamilial (parent who was an adolescent parent, sibling who is a teen parent, familial dysfunction), individual (early menarche, depression), or sociocultural (peers who are adolescent parents, history of sexual abuse, educational failures, media messaging, pressures from male partner, older sexual partners, lack of access to reproductive healthcare).
‘Adolescent Pregnancy’ 1
Published in Jane M. Ussher, Joan C. Chrisler, Janette Perz, Routledge International Handbook of Women’s Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2019
Catriona Ida Macleod, Tracey Feltham-King
Adolescent pregnancy is common. However, adolescents’ experiences of pregnancy and birth vary greatly around the world. It has been estimated that, worldwide, approximately 20,000 adolescents give birth every day; 95% of these adolescent pregnancies occur in low- to middle-income countries around the globe (Williamson, 2013). In these countries, pregnant adolescents who are from minority groups, are impoverished, poorly educated, live in rural areas, or are otherwise marginalized are more likely to become pregnant than are wealthier, better educated, urban adolescents. In addition, these at-risk adolescents are more likely to have unmet needs for contraception, less likely to use contraception of their choice, more likely to undergo unsafe abortion, and more likely to be infected by HIV (Chandra-Mouli, McCarraher, Phillips, Williamson, & Hainsworth, 2014).
Enhanced decision-making in midwifery
Published in Elaine Jefford, Julie Jomeen, Empowering Decision-Making in Midwifery, 2019
Samantha Nolan, Joyce Hendricks
Adolescent pregnancy remains a major contributor to maternal and infant mortality (World Health Organization [WHO], 2016), particularly in developing countries. In many low- and middle-income countries, this challenge is often compounded by unmet needs for contraception and skilled maternity care attendants and societal pressures to marry early and have children (WHO, 2018; Yakubu & Salisu, 2018). Of the world’s 16 million annual births to adolescents, 95% take place in low- and middle-income countries. Further, for approximately nine out of ten of these young women, the birth occurs within the context of a marriage (UNFPA, 2017; WHO, 2018). In high-income countries dominated by Western culture, most adolescent births are unintended and take place outside of marriage (Martin, Hamilton, Osterman, Driscoll, & Drake, 2018; Office for National Statistics [ONS], 2017). Naturally, decision-making may differ according to the context in which adolescent pregnancy occurs, both for the adolescent and for the midwife – this will be further explored in an activity.
Factors Associated with Adolescent Pregnancy in Sub-Saharan Africa during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review of Socioeconomic Influences and Essential Interventions
Published in International Journal of Sexual Health, 2022
Kelly Kons, Adriana A. E. Biney, Kristin Sznajder
The discrepancy between concrete evidence of poor health infrastructure during the Ebola outbreak and the challenges SSA adolescent girls are facing in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic highlights a gap in advocacy and public health interventions to improve upon these inequities. Epidemiologists, scientists, healthcare workers, and government officials are working diligently to eradicate COVID-19 by improving diagnostic tools and prioritizing vaccine distribution (The African Academy of Science, 2020). However, the detailed research and development priorities fail to address populations at an increased risk of long-term consequences, such as adolescent girls. In an attempt to highlight these inequities and prevent future generations of adolescent girls from this neglect, the authors have identified three actionable interventions that aim to reduce the risk of adolescent pregnancy in future public health crises.
Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Female Empowerment as Determinants of Adolescent Pregnancy in Colombia
Published in International Journal of Sexual Health, 2020
Jonathan Drewry, Isabel C. Garcés-Palacio
Colombia has one of the highest rates of adolescent pregnancy in the LAC with approximately 20% of all adolescents reporting a pregnancy (Arango, 2012; Tascon et al., 2016). Since 1995, the rates of pregnancy have risen significantly (Huaynoca et al., 2015; Jaramillo-Mejia & Chernichovsky, 2019) with 64% reported as unplanned (Daniels, 2015). Some of the noted consequences of adolescent pregnancy in Colombia are maternal morbidity/mortality, lost education/employment opportunities, family/social rejection, and poverty (Daniels, 2015; Flores & Soto, 2006). In rural areas, adolescent pregnancy contributes to the cycle of poverty through related health risks, school desertion, lost economic opportunities, family and social rejection, emotional difficulties, and early child rearing (Flores & Soto, 2006). In a study by the Colombian Ministry of Culture , 27% of rural adolescents were pregnant compared to only 17% living in urban areas (Colombian Ministry of Culture, 2008). Sexual and reproductive health information, “machismo” culture, life skills development, and parental involvement have been noted as significant determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Colombia (Barona et al., 2017; Betancur et al., 2016; Torres & Castellar, 2014; Valencia et al., 2013).
Mexican-American Adolescents’ Views on Factors That Facilitate Recognition and Help-Seeking for Perinatal Depression
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2019
Adolescent pregnancy is often viewed negatively, having detrimental consequences on the adolescent’s future. However, participants expressed joy regarding their pregnancy and many looked to their babies as a source of motivation to overcome their present challenges. Becoming a parent offered a pathway for gaining a sense of purpose in their lives (Lesser & Koniak-Griffin, 2013). A majority described their desire to finish school and establish careers. Providing for her newborn was at the forefront of every thought and action, making participants more determined than ever to invest in their education in order to gain skills that would help them obtain a secure future. Participants expressed their deep appreciation of the emotional and instrumental support they received, as this alleviated emotional distress. One participant described her gratitude for the support she received from her school (Recto & Champion, 2018a, p.66):