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Lupus (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory and systemic autoimmune disease where the body's immune system attacks its own tissues and organs. Inflammation caused by lupus can affect many different body systems including joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, brain, nerves (neuropathies), heart, and lungs. The most common nervous system manifestation is intractable headaches.2 Organ involvement can range from mild to potentially life threatening. Connective tissue diseases like SLE are associated with early and accelerated atherosclerosis, also known as early vascular aging. The disease is not contagious. The majority of lupus patients are female and the disease often develops between the ages of 15 and 35, but can occur at any age. The disease affects African Americans and Asians to a greater extent than other races.
Autoimmune Disease
Published in Gia Merlo, Kathy Berra, Lifestyle Nursing, 2023
Nanette Morales, Jessica Landry, Christy McDonald Lenahan, Janine Santora
SLE is a systemic AD that can attack various parts of the body, including skin, organs, and joints (Richard-Eaglin & Smallheer, 2018). SLE can cause a multitude of symptoms, including fatigue, joint pain, end-stage renal disease, pericarditis, anemia, psychosis, and malar rash. SLE is classified into three patterns: (1) quiescent, which indicates the disease is present but not active, (2) intermittent, which involves flare-up episodes and remission, and (3) chronically active, which involves organs. SLE can be caused by genetic susceptibility and environmental exposures (Rojas et al., 2018).
Miscellaneous Drugs during Pregnancy
Published in “Bert” Bertis Britt Little, Drugs and Pregnancy, 2022
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is rare during pregnancy, ranging from approximately one in 2,952 deliveries (Gimovsky and Montoro, 1991; Gimovsky et al., 1984) to one in 5,000 pregnancies (Tozman et al., 1982). SLE is sometimes first manifested during pregnancy. SLE can adversely affect pregnancy with increases in abortion, prematurity, intrauterine death, and congenital heart block (Gimovsky and Montoro, 1991; Gimovsky et al., 1984). Approximately 20–60 percent of gravid SLE gravidas experience disease exacerbation during pregnancy (Gimovsky et al., 1984; Mintz et al., 1986; Mor-Yosef et al., 1984). Infants born to women who had SLE during pregnancy may develop a transient lupus-like picture and congenital heart block (Scott et al., 1983; Watson et al., 1984).
Maternal and fetal outcomes of SLE in pregnancy: a literature review
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2023
Abdul Basit Sangah, Sidra Jabeen, Meklit Zenbabaw Hunde, Sunita Devi, Hassan Mumtaz, Shazia Saleem Shaikh
It is noted that SLE often begins in early adulthood (Petri 2020). It is well established that SLE patients may have various symptoms, such as tiredness, skin rashes, fevers, and joint discomfort or swelling (CDC 2022). Some individuals may have flares of SLE symptoms every so often, perhaps even years apart, and then go into remission at other times (CDC 2022). There are various reasons for Lupus (SLE), including a drug-induced nature (Rubin 2005). Long-term treatment with over 40 drugs has been linked to drug-induced lupus (Rubin 2005). The drug-induced Lupus (SLE)’s clinical and analytical aspects are identical to systemic lupus erythematosus, except that individuals completely recover after discontinuing the offending medicine (Rubin 2005). Lupus (SLE) could also manifest as Lupus Mastitis (Cerveira et al.2006). It can also present as the most prevalent type of cutaneous TB, which is lupus vulgaris (Sirka et al.2021). Plaque-like, ulcerative, hypertrophic, vegetative, papular, and nodular forms are among the clinical types of lupus vulgaris (Pai et al.2014). SLE can causes complications during pregnancy too (Derksen 1991). It has long been believed that pregnancy worsens the symptoms of maternal SLE by causing exacerbations (Derksen 1991).
Improving measures of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2023
Maher Banjari, Zahi Touma, Dafna D. Gladman
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease which may affect any organ or system in the body. It is a chronic disease with a variable course and prognosis. The disease is characterized by periods of high disease activity with periods of low activity or remission in between. While some patients may achieve total control of disease activity, others experience unremitting disease activity (persistently active disease – PAD) [1,2]. In the course of their disease, SLE patients suffer from the effect of disease activity in individual organs but may also develop irreversible organ damage related to the activity or to medications. They may also have medication-induced events. All of these have a deleterious effect on patients’ quality of life and daily function. All aspects of the disease thus require careful monitoring, which is difficult but most important for successful patient management. Monitoring should be performed using valid instruments that assess the domains of the disease, as well as to compare patients from different centers.
Semaphorin 4A as a Potential Biomarker for Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Published in Immunological Investigations, 2023
Rendong He, Xueling Tan, Jiangyuan Xiang, Jing Zhu, Yao Jiang, Wen Liu, Ying Li, Bin Guo, Yan Xing
SLE and RA are typical multi-system autoimmune diseases, with multiple organ involvement. Unfortunately, it is difficult to distinguish between these disorders due to the lack of typical symptoms in the early disease stage in some patients. At present, commonly used serum markers, such as anti-dsDNA and RF, have high sensitivity but poor specificity, which brings great challenges to the diagnosis and the determination of disease activity Justiz Vaillant et al. (2022), Aringer and Petri (2020). Laboratory testing will provide strong support for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of SLE. In our study, ROC analysis indicated that Sema4A had excellent diagnostic efficiency, especially membrane-bound Sema4A on CD4+CD11c+ mDC cells, and even had a greater ability to distinguish between SLE and RA than traditional biomarkers such as anti-dsDNA antibody and anti-Sm antibody. It has been reported that these biomarkers are difficult to effectively differentiate between SLE and RA Lazar and Kahlenberg (2022), Migliorini et al. (2005). Therefore, we propose that Sema4A will be as a potential biomarker for SLE, provides a good remedy for this issue. The limitation of our study is that the sample size in this study was not large enough, and that no grading analysis was performed according to disease severity. Therefore, a large number of clinical studies should be launched to further confirm the diagnostic validity of Sema4A.