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The gastrointestinal system
Published in C. Simon Herrington, Muir's Textbook of Pathology, 2020
Sharon J. White, Francis A. Carey
There are three pairs of major salivary glands – parotid, submandibular, and sublingual – and numerous intraoral minor salivary glands. The most common lesion of minor salivary glands is the mucocele. The lesion is most often seen on the lower lip and is frequently due to leakage of mucus from a damaged duct (mucus extravasation cyst – Figure 10.14). A cyst-like cavity forms and consists of the escaped mucus and macrophages surrounded by granulation tissue. A ranula is a larger variant that occurs in the floor of the mouth and usually involves the sublingual glands. Alternatively, a mucous retention cyst results from the accumulation of mucus within a blocked salivary duct.
Case 21
Published in Simon Lloyd, Manohar Bance, Jayesh Doshi, ENT Medicine and Surgery, 2018
Simon Lloyd, Manohar Bance, Jayesh Doshi
A ranula represents a cystic extravasation mucocele that arises from the sublingual gland usually after a torn duct of rivinus or ruptured acini due to obstruction. A ranula is a pseudocyst as it is not covered by epithelium. Ranulae can plunge into the sublingual space either through a mylohyoid hiatus or around the posterior border of the mylohyoid muscle.
Salivary Glands
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Christopher P Aldren, Doris-Eva Bamiou, Raymond W Clarke, Richard M Irving, Haytham Kubba, Shakeel R Saeed, Paediatrics, The Ear, Skull Base, 2018
Neil Bateman, Rachael Lawrence
A ranula is a fluid-filled lesion arising from the floor of the mouth. It is an extravasation pseudocyst and can be classified into two types: the much commoner simple or intraoral ranula, and the ‘plunging’ cervical type. A simple ranula is localized to the floor of the mouth. In the plunging type, extravasation of mucus occurs beyond the confines of the floor of the mouth and the mucus collection is therefore in the infra-mylohyoid compartment of the neck, with or without a clinically apparent intraoral collection.
Sclerotherapy of ranulas with OK-432 – a prospective, randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled study
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2021
Malin Wendt, Georgios Papatziamos, Eva Munck-Wikland, Linda Marklund
Ranula is a pseudocyst from the sublingual gland causing a swelling in the floor of the mouth, intraoral ranula, or when the cyst herniates through the mylohyoid muscle a cervical swelling named plunging ranula [1]. It is a rare condition, the prevalence is meagerly studied but in a large cohort study of oral lesions in Sweden Axell et al. reported a prevalence at 0,2/100 [2]. The pathophysiology of ranulas is extravasation of saliva after trauma to the duct or blockage of secretion from a part of the sublingual gland [3,4]. Ranulas are most commonly present in the second or third decade of life. There is a possible genetic impact on the prevalence of plunging ranulas, results from New Zeeland show a ten times higher incidence in Maoris and Polynesians compared to Europeans [5]. Ranulas usually cause moderate discomfort and cosmetic disturbance, but cases with large ranulas causing severe symptoms have been reported [6].
The efficacy of OK-432 sclerotherapy on thyroglossal duct cyst and the influence on a subsequent surgical procedure
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2019
Tomoyasu Tachibana, Shin Kariya, Yorihisa Orita, Takuma Makino, Takenori Haruna, Yuko Matsuyama, Yasutoshi Komatsubara, Yuto Naoi, Michihiro Nakada, Yoji Wani, Soichiro Fushimi, Machiko Hotta, Katsuya Haruna, Tami Nagatani, Yasuharu Sato, Kazunori Nishizaki
The mean number of treatments was 2.4 (range 1–6), the mean observation period was 12.6 months (range 1–49 months) after the last injection, and the mean total dose of injected OK-432 was 1.7 (range 0.2–4.8 KE). The treatment led to complete disappearance in 2 cases, marked reduction in 3, partial reduction in 4, and no change in 11. The therapy was effective in 5 cases (25.0%) and ineffective in 15 (75.0%). In our department, OK-432 sclerotherapy was performed in 26 patients with ranula during the same observation period. The effective rate was significantly lower in patients with TDC than in those with ranula (84.6%, p < .01).