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Investigation of IoMT-Based Cancer Detection and Prediction
Published in Meenu Gupta, Rachna Jain, Arun Solanki, Fadi Al-Turjman, Cancer Prediction for Industrial IoT 4.0: A Machine Learning Perspective, 2021
Meet Shah, Harsh Patel, Jai Prakash Verma, Rachna Jain
The rise in various forms of cancers and other illnesses has made pathologists key supporters in the medical industry, and doctors rely on them for accurate and efficient diagnosis. But the histopathological analysis is time-consuming, requires experience, and is prone to human error when done by pathologists [11]. Therefore, we propose computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) that can automatically and accurately classify benign and malignant tissues to relieve the pathologists’ workload and provide a second opinion to the doctors. CAD and detection of cancer can be done with the help of state-of-art ML/DL techniques combined with the IoMT to provide the highest possible accuracy.
Introduction
Published in Kevin L. Erskine, Erica J. Armstrong, Water-Related Death Investigation, 2021
The pathologist is a specially trained physician (doctor of medicine—MD or doctor of osteopathic medicine—DO) who makes medical diagnoses via the scientific examination of tissues and body fluids. Abnormalities found in the tissues or body fluids constitute forms of pathology. Specifically, pathology is the study of disease and a branch of medicine. Completion of a four-year undergraduate degree, medical school, and a medical residency in either anatomic or anatomic and clinical pathology is required to become a pathologist. This arduous but rewarding process currently takes 11 or 12 years. The pathologist is a licensed physician and is usually board certified in either anatomic or anatomic and clinical pathology after successful completion of an examination.
Forensic Genetics and Genomic
Published in Cristoforo Pomara, Vittorio Fineschi, Forensic and Clinical Forensic Autopsy, 2020
Francesco Sessa, Francesca Maglietta, Alessio Asmundo, Cristoforo Pomara
Forensic scientists can be divided into three major groups: Forensic pathologists: These include medical examiners and other professionals who oversee autopsies and clinical forensic examinations.Forensic scientists: These include forensic professionals working in law enforcement, government, or private forensic laboratories.Associated scientists: These include scientific professionals lending their knowledge to forensic science, such as forensic odontologists, forensic botanists, and forensic anthropologists.
MPL gene mutation is a possible risk factor for thrombosis in patients with essential thrombocythemia in Japan
Published in Hematology, 2023
Chiho Furuya, Yoshinori Hashimoto, Soji Morishita, Tadaaki Inano, Tomonori Ochiai, Shuichi Shirane, Yoko Edahiro, Marito Araki, Miki Ando, Norio Komatsu
We analyzed data obtained from 579 ET patients who met the diagnostic criteria of the WHO classification 2016[7, 8]. Pathological diagnosis was performed by a pathologist at each institution. We excluded patients with familial ET or harboring more than one driver gene mutation. Data were retrospectively collected at Juntendo University Hospital for the period from 17 June 1993, to 2 December 2020. The following clinical parameters and events were included in the analysis: date of diagnosis, age, sex, driver gene mutations, white blood cell (WBC) count, red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), platelet (Plt) count, ferritin (FER), erythropoietin (EPO), the presence of cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors (hypertension [HT], diabetes mellitus [DM], hyper-LDL cholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, smoking), a history of thrombosis, thrombotic events after diagnosis, transformation to myelofibrosis (MF) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after diagnosis, and secondary malignancies after diagnosis. The driver gene mutation analysis was performed as previously reported[9, 10]. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Juntendo University (IRB #M12-0895).
Pipelle endometrial sampling success rates in Kazakhstani settings: results from a prospective cohort analysis
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Milan Terzic, Gulzhanat Aimagambetova, Gauri Bapayeva, Talshyn Ukybassova, Kamila Kenbayeva, Aiym Kaiyrlykyzy, Bakytkali Ibrayimov, Alla Lyasova, Sanja Terzic, Ibrahim Alkatout, Georgios Gitas, İsmet Hortu, Simone Garzon, Antonio Simone Laganà
Endometrial samples were obtained using a Pipelle endometrial suction curette. With the patient in dorsal position, the cervix was identified with a speculum and insertion of the Pipelle sampler into the cervix was performed. The Pipelle endometrial sample was collected under aseptic precautions through the undilated cervix, without anaesthesia. On reaching the uterine fundus, the piston was withdrawn to create negative pressure. Endometrial tissue was aspirated from all the uterine walls, and the sample was sent in a container with 10% formaldehyde for histopathological examination. Up to five passes were done to get an endometrial sample. Specimens were formalin-fixed, embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and stained using standard haematoxylin and eosin stain preparation immediately after acquisition. Specimens were evaluated by two independent pathologists with expertise in gynaecologic pathology, who were blinded to the patients’ health histories, age, BMI, or other characteristics. Pathologists were asked to categorise the tissues as diagnostic or undiagnostic samples. Diagnostic samples were defined when enough tissue sample was obtained, regardless of the D and C results. Undiagnostic samples were considered as failure of Pipelle endometrial sampling.
Disruptive innovations in the clinical laboratory: catching the wave of precision diagnostics
Published in Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 2021
Ziyad Khatab, George M. Yousef
The concept of digitizing pathology practice that got introduced in the late 1990s is a great example of disruptive technology in laboratory medicine. Digital pathology has many advantages and an extended scope of applications, as outlined in recent reviews [22]. These include easy sharing of slides among institutions, which can have a great impact on improving the efficiency of consultations (through digital consults by pathologists with unique specializations worldwide). Taking into consideration that pathology is heading toward specialized practice is of special importance, but in many community hospitals, there is a lack of specialization compared to academic institutions where pathologists practice mainly one or a limited number of specialties like genitourinary or breast pathology. Some pathologists are even sub-specialized, such as “pediatric gastrointestinal pathology.” Thanks to the introduction of digital pathology, we can now obtain digital second opinions from expert pathologists across the globe in almost no time.