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Infective Endocarditis
Published in Mary N. Sheppard, Practical Cardiovascular Pathology, 2022
On prosthetic valves, the predominant organisms are staphylococci. Coagulase-positive staphylococci often cause early endocarditis, while coagulase-negative groups of the albus (epidermidis) type often cause the later infections. Albus-type organisms are probably introduced at the time of surgery, but produce a slowly progressive disease. It is, however, now apparent that some coagulase-negative staphylococci such as S. lugdunensis can behave in a very much more acute and aggressive manner.
Occupational nail diseases
Published in Archana Singal, Shekhar Neema, Piyush Kumar, Nail Disorders, 2019
Deepika Pandhi, Vandana Kataria
Even trivial trauma to the periungual skin may act as a portal of infection leading to more severe conditions like cellulitis, erysipelas, and septicemia. Among these, coagulase-positive staphylococci and various streptococci are the usual microorganisms. Healthcare personnel with pseudomonas colonization in their nails may act as a source of nosocomial infections.6 Paronychia is a common condition affecting nail unit due to occupational onset and is usually caused by a mixture of pathogenic organisms. Persons engaged with household work, kitchen staff, agricultural workers, and pianists are particularly likely to develop this condition. Also, acute paronychia is frequently seen in meat handlers and streptococcal paronychia has been reported in workers in a chicken factory.21
Distribution and antibiotic-resistance of different Staphylococcus species identified by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) isolated from the oral cavity
Published in Journal of Oral Microbiology, 2021
Katarzyna Garbacz, Maria Wierzbowska, Ewa Kwapisz, Maja Kosecka-Strojek, Marek Bronk, Morteza Saki, Jacek Międzobrodzki
Staphylococci are responsible for the opportunistic community- and hospital-acquired infections. Staphylococcus aureus, one of the coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS), constitutes the most common cause of human infections, whereas coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are believed to be less pathogenic. However, under exposure to the so-called infection-facilitating factors, CoNS may undergo a transition from commensals to pathogens. As a result, they can be involved in a variety of infections with various locations, manifestations and outcomes. CoNS can cause severe infections, such as septicaemia, native and prosthetic valve endocarditis, shunt-associated meningitis, osteomyelitis, and urinary tract infections [3,4]. The infections mentioned above occur primarily in immunocompromised patients and persons with indwelling medical devices [5].
A review of antibiotics and psoriasis: induction, exacerbation, and amelioration
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2019
Guttate psoriasis: an early preliminary study (n = 9) showed penicillin or erythromycin for 10–14 days plus rifampin in the last 5 days markedly improved psoriasis in chronic streptococcal carriers [47], but later a randomized controlled trial (n = 20) failed to reveal benefit from the combination treatment for guttate psoriasis [48].Plaque psoriasis: another age and gender-matched control trial (n = 80) evaluated the efficacy of penicillin V 250 mg, every 6 hours plus rifampin 600 mg per day for chronic plaque-type psoriasis. The result demonstrated no change of mean PASI score (15.92 vs. 15.19) pre- and post-antibiotics treatment. However, antibiotics use duration given in this study maybe too limited (only 10 days) to observe the differences. It could only be concluded that short-term combination of antibiotics played no role for plaque-type psoriasis in routine use [49].GPP: a case series (n = 7) showed six out of seven patients with GPP successfully treated by cloxacillin plus cephaloridine for 6 weeks. In this study, all patients had positive coagulase positive staphylococci in blood culture [50].
Bacterial contamination of coins obtained from school canteen and green market
Published in Infectious Diseases, 2019
Mustafa Yontem, Sabire A. Doyuk, Fatih Erci, Behiç S. Erdogdu
Of all coins sampled, 25% showed the presence of bacteria. Most common were diphtheroid at a rate of 50% (Figure 1). Aerobic gram-positive spore-forming bacteria were the second most common at a rate of 40% in 20 of the samples. Percentages of other bacteria were: coagulase-positive staphylococci 36%, coagulase-negative staphylococci 32%, Streptococcus spp. 32%, Escherichia coli 38% and Klebsiella spp. 12%.