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Breast
Published in Joseph Kovi, Hung Dinh Duong, Frozen Section In Surgical Pathology: An Atlas, 2019
Joseph Kovi, M.D. Hung Dinh Duong
In invasive duct carcinoma the neoplastic cells infiltrate the breast stroma in columns and cords, at times in single strands (Figure 30). The plasma cells in plasma cell mastitis are often arranged in columns and cords, or even in a single-file pattern. High magnification reveals that (1) the neoplastic cells have a high nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio, whereas, the nucleocytoplasmic ratio is low in plasma cells. (2) The tumor cells possess irregular nuclei with prominent nucleoli. The nuclei of plasma cells are extremely regular and exhibit the characteristic, so-called cartwheel pattern of the chromatin. (3) The nuclei of the malignant cells are in the center of the cell, whereas the nuclei of plasma cells are peripherally located. (4) Cell divisions are easily encountered in the neoplastic cells, whereas, mitotic activity is almost nil in plasma cells.
Skin and soft tissue
Published in Tor Wo Chiu, Stone’s Plastic Surgery Facts, 2018
Histologically, it is a locally malignant tumour of dermal fibroblasts with a distinct storiform (cartwheel) pattern extending from the dermo-epidermal junction into subcutaneous tissues. Lesions are generally low grade and well differentiated. It spreads in an infiltrating manner laterally, but metastasis is rare (5%, usually to lungs).
Fibrous tumors
Published in Eckart Haneke, Histopathology of the NailOnychopathology, 2017
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a tumor that diffusely infiltrates the dermis and subcutis of the skin, the latter particularly along the fibrous septa of the cutaneous fat. The epidermis remains intact and often a grenz zone is seen. The tumor center is made up of dense aggregates of uniform, slender, spindle-shaped cells with only mild to moderate cellular atypia. Their arrangement is often whorled, storiform, or in a cartwheel pattern. In specimens from skin, the appendages remain usually intact. There is little nuclear pleomorphism and mitotic activity. The more superficial areas are less cellular with spindle cells being separated by collagen. In the deep part the tumor cells are arranged in very dense sheets, expand the fibrous septa of the fat, and infiltrate the fat lobules mimicking a honeycomb appearance. Giant cells may occur. Occasionally, there may be a myxoid component in the stroma.139 Peculiar myoid nodules are said to represent a myointimal myofibroblastic proliferation; they are non-neoplastic. Rarely, areas resembling low-grade fibrosarcoma may be seen with more cellular atypia and mitoses, which however, do not exceed 5/10 high-power fields.140 Immunohistochemically, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is positive for vimentin and for CD34; this may be lost in nodular areas. PDGFB expression is seen in more than 90% of the tumors.141 The low affinity nerve growth factor P75 was also reported to be positive.137 Some scattered cells may be positive for factor XIIIa. Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans does not express cytokeratins, smooth muscle actin, desmin, protein S100, and epithelial membrane antigen nor tenascin in the dermoepidermal zone.
OCT Imaging in Infants
Published in Seminars in Ophthalmology, 2022
Sushma Jayanna, Subhadra Jalali, Tapas R Padhi, Komal Agarwal, Jay Chhablani
X-linked retinoschisis affects male, with a mutation in RS1 gene with abnormal retinoschisin protein responsible for cell adhesion. Early onset during infancy will lead to bilateral nystagmus and squint. It is commonly associated with vitreous veils and vitreous hemorrhage which occurs because of rupture of unsupported retinal vessels. Schisis occurs at the level of nerve fiber layer involving posterior pole rarely extends beyond the arcades in the early stage. Fovea shows cartwheel pattern schisis cavity. Intra schisis hemorrhage has also been reported. Vitreous hemorrhage spontaneously resolves with time and can recur.79,80 It is helpful to assess the subtle early foveal cystic changes even when fovea look clinically normal.81
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: our 10-year experience on 80 patients
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2020
Xiaobo Zhou, Di Sun, Yang Liu, Qilin Sun, Zhaoqi Yuan, Xusong Luo, Jun Yang, Jun Chen
The pathological manifestation of a typical DFSP was a proliferation of uniform spindle cells with slender nuclei, arranged in a cartwheel pattern (Figure 2). It was often a nonencapsulated subcutaneous tumor but were microscopically infiltrative. In some cases, focal dermal, and subcutaneous tissue invasion was observed. In our study, 68 cases were classic DFSP and 12 were transformed DFSP. Seven cases had fibrosarcomatous changes with a herringbone fascicular growth pattern, increased cell number, and greater cytologic atypia. There were four cases of myxoid DFSP and 1 case of pigmented DFSP.