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Curcumin and Neglected Infectious Diseases
Published in Venkatesan Jayaprakash, Daniele Castagnolo, Yusuf Özkay, Medicinal Chemistry of Neglected and Tropical Diseases, 2019
Francesca Mazzacuva, Agostino Cilibrizzi
As single agents for monotherapy in helminth infections, curcumin (1) and other curcuminoids seem to possess only poor activity. In contrast, various combinations of them suggest possible synergistic effects with a high increase in nematocidal activity, as firstly demonstrated in studies with Toxocara canis (Kiuchi et al. 1993). For instance, the combination of Curcuma longa L. and Zingiber officinalis L. (both in the form of rhizome extracts) exhibited high antihelmintic properties, showing valuable vermicidal agents in vitro against Pheretima posthuma (Singh et al. 2011, Raul et al. 2012) and Ascaridia galli (Bazh and El-Bahy 2013).
Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit.: A REVIEW OF ITS ETHNOBOTANY, PHYTOCHEMICAL, AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROFILE
Published in V. R. Mohan, A. Doss, P. S. Tresina, Ethnomedicinal Plants with Therapeutic Properties, 2019
S. Jeeva, Joselin Joseph, R. Mary Sujin
Helminth infections are among the most widespread infections in humans, distressing a huge population of the world. The majority of infections due to helminths is generally restricted to tropical regions and cause enormous hazard to health and contribute to the prevalence of undernourishment, anemia, eosinophilia, and pneumonia (Bundy, 1994). In vitro anthelmintic activity of ethanol and aqueous extracts of whole plant of H. suaveolens were investigated for activity against the Indian adult earthworm; Pheretima posthuma and Ascaridia galli using piperazine citrate as positive and distilled water as negative control. The assay was carried out using the method described by Nayak et al. (2010) and Ajaiyeoba et al. (2001). Different concentrations (25, 50, and 100 mg/mL) of each extract were studied for activity, based on time of paralysis and time of death of the worm. Time for paralysis was noted when no movement of any sort could be observed except when the worms were shaken vigorously and death was concluded when the worms lost their motility followed with the fading away of their body colors. Extracts of H. suaveolens were found to exhibit significant anthelmintic activity at the highest concentration of 100 mg/mL.
Avian coccidiosis: a disturbed host-parasite relationship to be restored
Published in G. F. Wiegertjes, G. Flik, Host-Parasite Interactions, 2004
If only we concentrate on the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus), we have to conclude that it suffers from infestations by ectoparasites, such as mites (Birrenkott et al., 2000), flies, lice and fleas (Ruff, 1999), helminth infections due to Heterakis and among others Ascaridia galli (Permin et al., 1998, 1999; Poulsen et al., 2000) and several protozoans such as Leucocytozoon, Plasmodium, Cryptosporidium (Ruff, 1999) and several species of the coccidial genus of Eimeria, which I will use as the central topic of this review. The reason for choosing this combination is mainly because of the huge economic impact this parasite has had during the 20th century on the poultry industry. This has resulted in a relatively great attention from the industry itself in combination with research from the scientific community to find ways to circumvent or resolve the problems that were experienced.
Gut microbial profiling as a therapeutic and diagnostic target for managing primary biliary cholangitis.
Published in Expert Opinion on Orphan Drugs, 2020
Annarosa Floreani, Sara De Martin, Tsukasa Ikeura, Kazuichi Okazaki, Merrill Eric Gershwin
Several microbial antigens, mainly bacteria, but also viruses, parasites, and fungi have been postulated as possible triggers of PBC [7]. A linear conformational mimicry between microbial proteins and human mitochondrial antigens has been demonstrated for Escherichia coli, Novosphingobium aromaticivorans, Salmonella Minnesota, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Hemophilus influenzae, Yersinia enterocolitica, Streptococcus intermedius, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Paracoccus denitrificans, Mycoplam, Mycobacterium gordonae, Borrelia burgdorferi, Trypanosoma, and Ascaridia galli [8]. Interestingly, the infection of genetically susceptible mouse strains with Novosphingobium aromaticivorans induced anti- mitochondrial Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex E2 (PDC E2) responses and liver lesions resembling PBC in humans [9]. Moreover, it has been found that IgG3 antibodies directed against b-galactosidase of Lactobacillus delbrueckii cross-react with the same major mitochondrial autoepitope and are characteristic of PBC [10].
Curcuma longa ethanol extract and Curcumin inhibit the growth of Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoites and cysts isolated from water reservoirs at Walailak University, Thailand
Published in Pathogens and Global Health, 2020
Watcharapong Mitsuwan, Chooseel Bunsuwansakul, Theodore Ebenezer Leonard, Sawanya Laohaprapanon, Kruawan Hounkong, Kingkan Bunluepuech, Chalermpon Kaewjai, Tooba Mahboob, Chandramathi Sumudi Raju, Mahaveer Dhobi, Maria de Lourdes Pereira, Muhammad Nawaz, Christophe Wiart, Abolghasem Siyadatpanah, Roghayeh Norouzi, Veeranoot Nissapatorn
The present study is focused on anti-Acanthamoeba activity of ethanol extracts of Thai medicinal plants based on eye infection treatment. The results demonstrated that C. longa extract showed the strongest anti-Acanthamoeba activity against both the trophozoites and cysts. Interestingly, C. longa essential oil has been reported of inhibiting Acanthamoeba spp. trophozoites but not for the cyst form [18]. Inhibition of A. castellanii cysts by C. longa ethanol extract has been reported [19]. In addition, C. longa extract possessed other anti-parasitic activities against various pathogenic organisms including Ascaridia galli [20], Haemonchus larval stage [21], Schistosoma mansoni [22], and Trypanosoma spp [23].
Curcumin and curcumin-loaded nanoparticles: antipathogenic and antiparasitic activities
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2020
Mahendra Rai, Avinash P. Ingle, Raksha Pandit, Priti Paralikar, Netravati Anasane, Carolina Alves Dos Santos
Curcumin shows an antiparasitic effect against Ichthyophthiriusm ultifiliis which was evaluated in vitro and in vivo by Liu et al. [65]. In another study, in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic activity of ginger and curcumin (25, 50, and 100 mg/ml of both herbs) against nematode Ascaridia galli were evaluated. The worms treated with 100 mg/ml after 48 hours showed a lethal effect. However, in another study performed with curcumin showed that the reduction in the mortality rate of infected chicken depended on its concentration and time [66]. The various bioactivities of curcumin nanoparticles have been illustrated in Figure 1.