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Language development in blind children (1)
Published in Miguel Pérez-Pereira, Gina Conti-Ramsden, Language Development and Social Interaction in Blind Children, 2019
Miguel Pérez-Pereira, Gina Conti-Ramsden
Concerning sound production, there is more valuable information, although it is also scarce. Mills’ research (1983, 1987b) is the most reliable source of evidence on blind children’s development of phonology. Previous studies (Dodd, 1979; McGurk & MacDonald, 1976) had shown that sighted children are able to lip-read from an early age (well under 4 months), and Kuhl and Meltzoff (1982) observed that 5-month-old infants show some ability to match vowel sounds to the sight of appropriate mouth movements. Therefore, vision may play an important role in the acquisition of speech perception and production abilities. Speech perception seems to involve not only the processing of auditory cues, but also lip-reading information, which is visually available.
Assessment of visual processing functions and disorders
Published in John Ravenscroft, The Routledge Handbook of Visual Impairment, 2019
During the ophthalmological examinations, visual acuity and contrast sensitivity values remained as before. Eva could see slow-moving pictures (Pepi test) and biological motion (Walking Man test) but did not properly perceive and copy movements in gymnastics or perceive moving or distance of bicycles and cars on the street. Loss of high-speed motion made lip-reading difficult.
Communication and the Medical Consultation
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Louise Jayne Clark, Adam J Donne, R James A England, Hisham M Mehanna, Gerald William McGarry, Sean Carrie, Basic Sciences Endocrine Surgery Rhinology, 2018
For patients with acquired hearing loss there are a number of simple methods for improving communication within the consultation. Slow, deliberate speech of adequate volume in a room with low ambient noise will assist those with a modest hearing loss. A face-to-face position and clear enunciation of words enables lip-reading in those with long-standing loss. Other simple measures include diagrams and picture boards.
Long-term speech perception performance in prelingually deafened adult cochlear implant recipients
Published in Cochlear Implants International, 2023
Haruo Yoshida, Yukihiko Kanda, Chisei Satoh, Yoshihiko Kumai, Haruo Takahashi
On the other hand, it is important and should not be underestimated that four of 26 cases (15.4%) had SDS results of 30% or less, even after CI. Previous reports have shown that audiological benefits in prelingually deafened adults are limited and may only aid lip reading in most cases (Lammers et al., 2018). In cases with poor CI results, some prelingually deafened adults were excellent lip readers, the audiological information with CI was reinforced by other communication modes (e.g. lip reading), and they could communicate more easily with others in a social situation. It is important that the improvement in communication ability may not be clarified only by audiological tests before and after CI in such patients. If these patients were examined in a test environment similar to real-life communication, even further favorable results from CI that may further improve their communication may be obtained, and evaluation of the changes in the quality of life (QOL) of these patients is also important (Bosco et al., 2013; Straatman et al., 2014). We could not evaluate their QOL and further research was needed in this study, but most of them were satisfied with CI as they could more clearly hear sound than with HA and understand phrases using less lip reading (Fig. 1).
“Something is just not right with my hearing”: early experiences of adults living with hearing loss
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2022
April Pike, Sheila Moodie, Karen Parsons, Anne Griffin, Joanne Smith-Young, Terry-Lynn Young, Leon Mills, Myrtle Barrett, Leanna Rowe, Marie Parsons, Henry Kielley, Michael Fleming
Efforts to manage one’s HL invisibly without help required constant vigilance and various coping strategies. For example, some participants tried to shift the blame as to the reason why they could not hear well onto others. “People were trying to convince me that I had HL but I kept convincing myself that people just didn’t speak loud enough or they weren’t clear enough” (Male aged 72 years). Individuals attempted to hide their HL by putting on a façade they could understand what was being said, when they actually were having problems hearing. Participants spoke of having to rely on lip reading as a means to follow conversations. “I don’t think I am hard of hearing…I can’t hear certain things…I’m probably reading lips” (Male aged 73 years). The downside to these adaptive strategies was that they required a high level of concentration often described as, “stressful” and “exhausting”. These feelings are captured vividly in the following narrative.
Adults with unilateral congenital ear canal atresia – sound localization ability and recognition of speech in competing speech in unaided condition
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2021
Malin Siegbahn, Cecilia Engmér Berglin, Malou Hultcrantz, Filip Asp
When measuring speech perception thresholds, subjects were not allowed to tilt or turn their head. This is of course possible in real life situations and would probably have been beneficial for the UCA subjects in this study. According to earlier studies, turning the head away from the target speaker to focus the healthy ear on the sound source increases speech perception in both normal hearing and hearing impaired subjects [18]. Subjects with asymmetrical hearing tend to turn their head so that the level of the signal increases in the better ear in a test setting. However, requiring to turn or tilt the head in a multiple speaker context would require more effort when shifting attention. In real life situations, lip reading can also be helpful, and the social norm is to have eye contact, to face the speaker. Considering the later aspects of listening in conversations, this test is considered to reflect real life listening situations. The level of hearing loss of the atretic ear was not affecting the result of the SCS test. Factors such as education level, bilingualism (although all participants were fluent in Swedish) or other factors may influence the result but were not recorded or analyzed.