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History Stations
Published in Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Livy Kenyon, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, ENT OSCEs, 2023
Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Livy Kenyon, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar
Plan treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis or allergies as appropriate. The management of CRS involves the use of intranasal steroids, saline douching, antibiotics (for immunomodulatory effect), courses of oral steroids and in appropriate patients the use of novel biologics (monoclonal antibody treatments). Where symptoms are failing to be controlled with medical therapy surgery will be considered.
Complications of Rhinosinusitis
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
Chronic complications usually result from chronic rhinosinusitis. The nature of the complication depends on the sinus or group of sinuses involved. Mucoceles are chronic, slowly expanding lesions in any of the sinuses that may result in bony erosion and can extend beyond the sinus. It is unusual for chronic rhinosinusitis to cause orbital cellulitis or intra-cranial complications unless there is an infective exacerbation.
Nasal problems in the athlete
Published in John W. Dickinson, James H. Hull, Complete Guide to Respiratory Care in Athletes, 2020
Chronic rhinosinusitis involves the paranasal sinuses as well as the nasal mucosa; symptoms include nasal blockage/congestion, thick mucous discharge, facial pressure and, in some cases, loss of smell; first line treatment is pharmacotherapy with intranasal steroids and saline nasal douching; recalcitrant cases may require surgical intervention.
HO-1: a new marker for predicting postoperative recurrence of CRSwNP
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2023
Min-Jie Gong, Yu-sheng Wang, Miao Lou, Rui-ping Ma, Zhen-zhen Hu, Guo-xi Zheng, Ya Zhang
14 healthy controls, 31 patients with CRSsNP, and 32 patients with CRSwNP were recruited in this study. The controls were other diseases requiring nasal endoscopic treatment such as trauma and cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. The diagnosis of CRSwNP and CRSsNP was determined based on physical symptoms, nasal endoscopy and CT imaging and with reference to the guidelines of the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2012 [8]. Allergy was determined based on the patient’s history of allergy, skin prick and IgE examination. Patients with fungal sinusitis, aspirin intolerance, severe systemic immune disease and those who had used glucocorticoid or immunosuppressive therapy in the 4 weeks prior to the procedure were not included in this study. All patients with chronic rhinosinusitis were treated with an intranasal corticosteroid spray and nasal saline irrigation for 3 months after surgery. Recurrence of CRSwNP in this study was defined as a recurrence of nasal congestion and runny nose for more than one week after 12 months, and other diseases were excluded. The Medical Ethics Committee of Xi’an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital approved this study.
Identifying chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps by analyzing aspirated nasal air with an electronic nose based on differential mobility spectrometry
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2022
Jussi Virtanen, Anton Kontunen, Jura Numminen, Niku Oksala, Markus Rautiainen, Antti Roine, Ilkka Kivekäs
The diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a complicated procedure that is based on patient history and clinical findings. It is therefore difficult to estimate the true prevalence of CRS. In Europe, a prevalence of 11% was obtained in a symptom-based questionnaire study [1]. Symptoms alone, however, tend to overestimate the prevalence and are therefore not sufficient for the diagnosis of CRS [2]. The endoscopic visualization of purulence or mucosal inflammation in the middle meatus or the presence of polyps improves the specificity of the symptom criteria. Computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard in the diagnostics of CRS and is recommended for symptomatic, endoscopy-negative patients [3]. New innovative and non-invasive methods are, however, needed to help identify patients with CRS.
STAT1 mediates the PI3K/AKT pathway through promoting microRNA-18a in nasal polyps
Published in Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 2022
Chronic rhinosinusitis is an inflammatory disease that disturbs more than 10% of the adult population, leading to decreased quality of life and lost productivity and time at work [1]. Chronic rhinosinusitis is characterized by nasal congestion and extra mucus and sometimes occurred concomitant with loss of the sense of smell and facial pain [2]. The condition is usually divided into two kinds on the presence (CRSwNP) or absence of nasal polyps (CRSsNP), which can be clinically diagnosed by nasal endoscopy and/or computed tomography (CT) of the paranasal sinuses [3]. Besides inflammation, the CRSwNP is characterized by remodeling of structural components, particularly of the epithelium, and epithelial cells may undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in response to injury [4]. However, the mechanisms associated with the EMT process during the formation of nasal polyps have not been fully elucidated.