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Paediatric orthopaedics
Published in Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie, Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 2018
Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie
Spondylolysis defines a defect in the pars interarticularis of the vertebra. There are six types: congenital (dysplastic facet joints), isthmic (weak or elongated pars), degenerative, post-traumatic, pathological and post-surgical. Spondylolisthesis occurs when the upper vertebra slips forward on the lower; it is graded according to the percentage slip, measured by relating the slipped vertebra to the one below (Table39.16).
The back
Published in Ashley W. Blom, David Warwick, Michael R. Whitehouse, Apley and Solomon’s System of Orthopaedics and Trauma, 2017
Typically a child or adolescent with spondylolysis presents with low back pain or pain that radiates to the buttock or posterior thighs. Onset is usually insidious and related to sporting activities; occasionally an acute injury may precipitate events. Neurological deficit is rare. There is a slightly higher incidence of spondylolysis in idiopathic scoliosis.
The spine and pelvis
Published in Kevin G Burnand, John Black, Steven A Corbett, William EG Thomas, Norman L Browse, Browse’s Introduction to the Symptoms & Signs of Surgical Disease, 2014
Kevin G Burnand, John Black, Steven A Corbett, William EG Thomas, Norman L Browse
A spondylolysis is a break in the pars interarticularis, usually of the L5 vertebral body without a forward slip. The most common cause is a stress fracture of the L5 pars interarticularis.
Double-level isthmic spondylolisthesis treated with posterior lumbar interbody fusion with cage
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2020
DeWei Song, Ming Tang, CanHui Li, DeYong Song, ChangBing Wang, TianHang Xuan
Isthmic spondylolisthesis occur most commonly at a single spinal level, usually at L5, with much of the remainder occurring at L4 and above.8,9 The incidence of multiple-level spondylolisthesis is rare, few reports of multi-level isthmic spondylolisthesis are founded in the literature.10–14 The exact causes of multiple-level isthmic spondylolisthesis remain unknown. We conclude it is similar to the etiology of single-level isthmic spondylolisthesis, a congenital predisposition to spondylolysis, in the setting of repeated injury to the pars, as being responsible for the development of vertebral slippage.9,15
Comparison of clinical effectiveness of fenestrated and conventional pedicle screws in patients undergoing spinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Mitsuru Yagi, Mami Ogiri, Chantal E. Holy, Anh Bourcet
Studies of adult patients over the age of 18 with spinal instability were included in this systematic review. Causes of spinal instability such as spondylolisthesis, degenerative disease, trauma, spondylosis, spondylolysis, pseudoarthrosis, injury, fracture, dislocation, scoliosis, kyphosis, spinal tumors, failed previous fusion and spinal injury were included. A sub-group was also considered for patients with compromised bone quality, including osteoporosis, osteopenia, primary vertebral tumors, and spinal metastases.
Bilateral spondylolysis of inferior articular processes of lumbar vertebra with no active sports history: Case report and review of literature
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2023
Mehmet Bülent Önal, Sinan Bahadir
Spondylolysis, a type of fatigue fracture, most often occurs in children and adolescents who participate in sports that involve repeated stress on the lower back, such as gymnastics, football, and weight lifting.3 These fatigue fractures are believed to result from repetitive tensile and compressive stresses on pars intercularis, which is the thinnest part of vertebra, by extreme movements performed during the sports activity.6