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Paper 2
Published in Aalia Khan, Ramsey Jabbour, Almas Rehman, nMRCGP Applied Knowledge Test Study Guide, 2021
Aalia Khan, Ramsey Jabbour, Almas Rehman
Iliotibial band syndrome is described as pain over the outer side of the knee, usually occurring at the middle to end of a run. Treatment includes rest, side stretching, running on softer ground, physiotherapy and correct footwear.
Knee Pain
Published in Benjamin Apichai, Chinese Medicine for Lower Body Pain, 2021
If Iliotibial band syndrome is present, the location of the pain is at the lateral side of the knee, and the affected area could be swollen and warm. The pain is caused by repetitively flexing the knee during physical activities such as running, cycling, swimming, and climbing. The pain may radiate along the lateral side of the thigh to the hip causing hip pain; it may find some weakness or imbalance of the quadriceps muscles and hamstring muscles. Ober’s Test is positive.
A to Z Entries
Published in Clare E. Milner, Functional Anatomy for Sport and Exercise, 2019
The secondary planes of motion at the knee joint are of interest to researchers who are trying to determine the biomechanical causes of overuse injuries to the knee, such as patellofemoral pain and iliotibial band syndrome. Although the movements in the secondary planes are smaller than the flexion-extension motion, when minor deviations in these movements are repeated over and over, as in walking or running, the effects may accumulate and contribute to overuse injury. Other factors thought to be related to overuse injuries at the knee are malalignment at the hip joint or in the foot.
Factors associated with injuries in first-time marathon runners from the New York City marathon
Published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2022
Brett Toresdahl, Kathryn McElheny, Jordan Metzl, James Kinderknecht, Brianna Quijano, Brittany Ammerman, Mark Alan Fontana
Over the course of the study, 396/675 (58.7%) runners who completed the study reported at least one injury during training or the race, which included 64 experiencing major injury and the remaining experiencing one or more minor injuries. During training, 61/675 (9.0%) runners experienced major injuries and 304 (45.0%) experienced minor injuries. During the race, 3/583 (0.5%) runners dropped out due to injury and 90/583 (15.4%) reported a minor injury. Only 18/583 runners (3.1%) sought care at a medical aid station during the race or at the finish line. Of the 64 major injuries, the majority were overuse (49, 76.6%), among which 20 (31.3%) were bone stress injuries. The most frequently reported minor injuries were unspecified knee pain (13.0%), calf strain (9.6%), medial tibial stress syndrome (9.2%), iliotibial band syndrome (7.3%), and Achilles tendinitis/tendinosis (5.8%).
Three dimensional kinematics of visually classified lower extremity movement patterns during a single leg squat among people with chronic hip joint pain
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2020
Davor Vasiljevic, Gretchen B. Salsich, Darrah Snozek, Bradley Aubin, Stefanie N. Foster, Michael J. Mueller, John C. Clohisy, Marcie Harris-Hayes
Poor lower extremity movement patterns demonstrated during daily and athletic tasks have been associated with musculoskeletal pain, dysfunction, and injury. Dynamic knee valgus, also referred to as medial collapse, has been associated with: noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries (Hewett et al., 2005); patellofemoral pain (Bley et al., 2014; Nakagawa, Moriya, Maciel, and Serrao, 2012; Powers, 2003; Salsich, Graci, and Maxam, 2012); iliotibial band syndrome (Noehren, Davis, and Hamill, 2007); and femoroacetabular impingement (Diamond et al., 2017; Kumar et al., 2014). Dynamic knee varus or varus thrust has been associated with early and established knee osteoarthritis (Fukutani et al., 2016; Lo, Harvey, and McAlindon, 2012). Recent studies have shown that strategies to modify poor lower extremity movement patterns may result in reduced symptoms (Graci and Salsich, 2014; Harris-Hayes et al., 2018; Noehren, Scholz, and Davis, 2011; Salsich et al., 2018) and improved function (Harris-Hayes et al., 2018; Noehren, Scholz, and Davis, 2011; Salsich et al., 2018), suggesting that poor movement patterns are modifiable treatment targets for existing musculoskeletal disorders and potentially injury prevention. Therefore, classifying lower extremity movement patterns may provide an important component in the clinical evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders and may assist in determining the best treatment approach for patient subgroups.
Gait-training devices in the treatment of lower extremity injuries in sports medicine: current status and future prospects
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2018
Alexandra F. DeJong, Jay Hertel
Prior to beginning a systematic search, we investigated the most prevalent chronic lower extremity gait-related injuries to potentially include into our search. Recent epidemiological literature reflects that medial tibial stress syndrome, tibial stress reactions, exertional compartment syndrome, calf pain, PFP, Achilles tendinitis, plantar fasciitis, iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS), and piriformis syndrome are frequent complaints among the running community [9,10]. Thus, we grouped together the first several aforementioned lower leg pathologies into the ERLLP category, and then devised separate search strategies for the remaining injuries. Additionally, we developed search terms for CAI and ACLR populations as these injuries are known to impact gait [11,32]. We narrowed results to the target intervention by grouping the injury terms with gait-training terms. The search terms were entered into the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) with PubMed as well as the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases on 11 April 2018 including all articles published up until the search date. A comprehensive view of the search is depicted in Figure 1(a).