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Paper 2
Published in Aalia Khan, Ramsey Jabbour, Almas Rehman, nMRCGP Applied Knowledge Test Study Guide, 2021
Aalia Khan, Ramsey Jabbour, Almas Rehman
Iliotibial band syndrome is described as pain over the outer side of the knee, usually occurring at the middle to end of a run. Treatment includes rest, side stretching, running on softer ground, physiotherapy and correct footwear.
Knee Pain
Published in Benjamin Apichai, Chinese Medicine for Lower Body Pain, 2021
If Iliotibial band syndrome is present, the location of the pain is at the lateral side of the knee, and the affected area could be swollen and warm. The pain is caused by repetitively flexing the knee during physical activities such as running, cycling, swimming, and climbing. The pain may radiate along the lateral side of the thigh to the hip causing hip pain; it may find some weakness or imbalance of the quadriceps muscles and hamstring muscles. Ober’s Test is positive.
Conditions around the hip and thigh
Published in David Silver, Silver's Joint and Soft Tissue Injection, 2018
The iliotibial band is a thickening of the fascia lata in the lateral side of the thigh. It is superficial and extends from the anterior superior iliac spine to the Gerdy’s tubercle on the anterolateral side of the upper tibia. Flexion and extension of the knee joint causes the band to move in an anterior and posterior fashion, thus causing friction of the band over the lateral femoral condyle. Pain may be quite acute, which is an indication to inject steroid. Otherwise, physiotherapy in the form of deep massage, heat and anti-inflammatories are useful.
Factors associated with injuries in first-time marathon runners from the New York City marathon
Published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2022
Brett Toresdahl, Kathryn McElheny, Jordan Metzl, James Kinderknecht, Brianna Quijano, Brittany Ammerman, Mark Alan Fontana
Over the course of the study, 396/675 (58.7%) runners who completed the study reported at least one injury during training or the race, which included 64 experiencing major injury and the remaining experiencing one or more minor injuries. During training, 61/675 (9.0%) runners experienced major injuries and 304 (45.0%) experienced minor injuries. During the race, 3/583 (0.5%) runners dropped out due to injury and 90/583 (15.4%) reported a minor injury. Only 18/583 runners (3.1%) sought care at a medical aid station during the race or at the finish line. Of the 64 major injuries, the majority were overuse (49, 76.6%), among which 20 (31.3%) were bone stress injuries. The most frequently reported minor injuries were unspecified knee pain (13.0%), calf strain (9.6%), medial tibial stress syndrome (9.2%), iliotibial band syndrome (7.3%), and Achilles tendinitis/tendinosis (5.8%).
Prevalence of asymptomatic radiological findings in the groin region: a systematic review
Published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2020
Jonas Massa, Frederik Vanstraelen, Stijn Bogaerts, Koenraad Peers
Finally, one could argue to use radiological findings as baseline to predict future injuries. Interestingly, Gallo et al. [15] not only described the prevalence of asymptomatic adductor abnormalities on a single moment, but also performed a four years’ follow-up of their study population (hockey players). Of the five asymptomatic hockey players with adductor tendinosis on MRI at baseline, only one player developed groin pain during the first year, but missed no games during that season. In the third year of follow-up, that same player did miss several games, but because of proximal iliotibial band symptoms. The authors generally concluded that most players with abnormal MRI findings will not become symptomatic at 2 years’ follow-up and even fewer will miss any games because of hip/pelvis pain. This is in contrast with a systematic review by McAuliffe et al. in 2016. They found that tendon abnormalities on ultrasound do have a predictive value for the development of future Achilles or patellar tendinopathy. Their conclusion was that for a whole group, tendon abnormalities on ultrasound at baseline can give a clue for a higher risk of injury, but it will never make it possible to predict injuries for a specific individual [30].
Gait-training devices in the treatment of lower extremity injuries in sports medicine: current status and future prospects
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2018
Alexandra F. DeJong, Jay Hertel
Prior to beginning a systematic search, we investigated the most prevalent chronic lower extremity gait-related injuries to potentially include into our search. Recent epidemiological literature reflects that medial tibial stress syndrome, tibial stress reactions, exertional compartment syndrome, calf pain, PFP, Achilles tendinitis, plantar fasciitis, iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS), and piriformis syndrome are frequent complaints among the running community [9,10]. Thus, we grouped together the first several aforementioned lower leg pathologies into the ERLLP category, and then devised separate search strategies for the remaining injuries. Additionally, we developed search terms for CAI and ACLR populations as these injuries are known to impact gait [11,32]. We narrowed results to the target intervention by grouping the injury terms with gait-training terms. The search terms were entered into the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) with PubMed as well as the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases on 11 April 2018 including all articles published up until the search date. A comprehensive view of the search is depicted in Figure 1(a).