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Vision Impairment and Its Management in Older Adults
Published in K. Rao Poduri, Geriatric Rehabilitation, 2017
Rajeev S. Ramchandran, Holly B. Hindman, Silvia Sörensen
After age 40, the need for reading glasses due to presbyopia increases and almost everyone after age 50 require reading glasses. Thus as a person ages, he/she are more likely to interact with eye care professionals. An optician is a licensed professional for the making and fitting of glasses. An optometrist is an eye care professional who has a strong foundation of optics and is very good at assessing refractive error and performing a general eye examination, and fits and prescribes contact lenses and glasses. An ophthalmologist is a physician who has completed medical school and undergone rigorous medical and surgical training to provide comprehensive eye care. An ophthalmologist may be a generalist who performs cataract surgery and other general eye procedures along with care for medical diseases of the eye. An ophthalmologist may also specialize in the various components of the eye and visual system, such as the cornea or retina, or specific disease of the eye such as uveitis or glaucoma. If vision loss is not treatable, a person may be referred to a vision therapist who specializes in vision rehabilitation or low vision therapy. These individuals use various special lenses, prisms, and magnifying devices to maximize a person’s existing vision potential.
Management of residual physical deficits
Published in Mark J. Ashley, David A. Hovda, Traumatic Brain Injury, 2017
Velda L. Bryan, David W. Harrington, Michael G. Elliott
The field of vision therapy represents a valuable evaluation and treatment process that has been practiced by too few over the years. Although a few OTs working with patients in neurorehabilitation clinics have been trained in vision therapy, the majority of certified vision therapists are found in vision rehabilitation clinics under the management of neurologic optometrists (see chapter by Suter).67,68
Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Detection and Treatment of Amblyopia: A Systematic Literature Review
Published in Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility, 2022
Gareth Lingham, Myra B. McGuinness, Sare Safi, Iris Gordon, Jennifer R. Evans, Stuart Keel
Treatment recommendations were extracted from a single CPG and were largely in-line with established practice for the treatment of amblyopia.20 Refractive correction alone was recommended as initial therapy followed by occlusion or cycloplegic penalization of the non-amblyopic eye in patients who do not improve completely with refractive correction alone. While no formal recommendation was made, the Amblyopia Preferred Practice Pattern by the American Academy of Ophthalmology did note that there was insufficient evidence to recommend vision therapy techniques (including computer programs, prisms, filters, metronomes, vergence activities, accommodation activities, anti-suppression activities and eye-hand coordination exercises) or binocular therapy (dichoptic images of varying contrast that penalize the non-amblyopic eye) for the treatment of amblyopia.12
Vision therapy as part of neurorehabilitation after acquired brain injury – a clinical study in an outpatient setting
Published in Brain Injury, 2021
J. Johansson, M. Berthold Lindstedt, K. Borg
The symptoms of oculomotor dysfunctions may include eye strain, blurred or double vision, photophobia, abnormal fatigue, headaches, difficulties with near work such as reading, dizziness, abnormal postural adaptation and pain in or around the eyes (American Optometric Association, AOA.org). It has been demonstrated that vision therapy (VT) can be an effective treatment for visuomotor issues such as eye movement disorders, eye teaming issues, focusing problems and visual-motor integration (22–24). VT consists of neurosensory and neuromuscular activities that are individually prescribed and monitored and intended to rehabilitate and enhance visual skills and processing (AOA.org). A VT program is based on the results of a thorough vision examination and considers the results of clinical tests and the patient’s signs and symptoms. VT may include the use of lenses, prisms, filters, computer programs and free-space techniques. The activities may be performed in-office and/or at home but require supervision and monitoring. Reviews of current research have found promising results regarding interventions for visuomotor dysfunctions after ABI, however, there has also been identified a need for additional research that quantifies the functional outcomes (25–27).
Who put the ‘paediatric’ in paediatric eye care?
Published in Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 2018
During infancy and childhood, the visual system is changing and is susceptible to its input, so paediatric eye care is important to detect and manage any anomalies that may affect visual development. Optometrists are the main providers of primary eye care in Australia. The competency standards for optometry in Australia and New Zealand require optometrists to be able to manage patients requiring vision therapy, specifically ‘a vision therapy for patients with amblyopia, strabismus and binocular vision disorders’ with a sound evidence base.2015 Guidance from Optometry Australia2016 indicates that optometrists are in a good position to diagnose and treat paediatric eye and vision abnormalities, and have a role in prevention, screening and referral for such conditions where appropriate. We should therefore consider that all optometrists are paediatric eye‐care providers, since optometry includes patients of any age.