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Ageing
Published in Henry J. Woodford, Essential Geriatrics, 2022
Cataracts are opacities in the crystalline lens of the eye, which can cause blurred vision, increased susceptibility to glare and difficulty seeing in low light conditions. Affected people may also report seeing haloes around lights. Smoking, high alcohol intake and radiation exposure increase the risk of cataract development. They can increase the probability of accidents (including falls), impair function and lower quality of life. Surgery becomes appropriate when they are causing significant symptoms. The lens is extracted under local anaesthetic and replaced with an artificial one (termed ‘pseudophakia'). Serious complications are rare.
Strabismus in pediatric cataract
Published in Jan-Tjeerd de Faber, 28th European Strabismological Association Meeting, 2020
J.T.H.N. de Faber, M.J. Tjon-Fo-Sang
In this study, only half as many of the children with bilateral lens implantation develop strabismus postoperatively when compared to the bilateral aphakic children. Pediatric pseudophakia may rapidly achieve visual rehabilitation.
Endocyclophotocoagulation
Published in A Peyman MD Gholam, A Meffert MD Stephen, D Conway MD FACS Mandi, Chiasson Trisha, Vitreoretinal Surgical Techniques, 2019
Uram9 described endoscopic laser delivery to the ciliary processes combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. The anterior chamber is entered, and a viscoelastic substance is injected to deepen the chamber (Fig. 17.7) and to displace the bag posteriorly. The endolaser probe tip is inserted through a limbal incision, posterior to the iris but ‘over the bag’ and posterior to the area of ciliary body to be treated. The viscoelastic substance keeps the lens capsular bag away from the iris and allows visualization of the processes to be treated. This method can thus be used in pseudophakic and phakic patients (with attention being paid to preventing lens damage).14 The viscoelastic should be removed at the completion of the procedure.
Multi-resistant Enterobacter cloacae dacryocystitis and preseptal cellulitis: case and review of literature
Published in Orbit, 2023
Michael Kvopka, Ezekiel Kingston, Daniel D.H. Nguyen, Jessica Y. Tong, Hayden L. Kirk, Claudia M. Whyte, James D. Dalgliesh, Jennifer J. Danks
A 61-year-old male presented to general emergency with a 2-day history of right eye (RE) irritation, pruritis, conjunctival injection and new periorbital pain, erythema, and oedema that persisted despite topical chloramphenicol 1% treatment. RE conjunctival bacterial and viral swabs had been collected the day prior. Ophthalmic history included bilateral pseudophakia. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/20 in both eyes (BE). He had no pain on extra-ocular movements and slit-lamp examination was limited due to RE periorbital oedema. Blood tests demonstrated elevated white cells (13.2 x 109/L), neutrophils (9.5 x 109/L), and c-reactive protein (25 mg/L). Orbital CT with contrast showed right preseptal soft tissue thickening and fluid with no retro-orbital involvement – consistent with preseptal cellulitis (Figure 2). Images were reviewed by the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) team who identified bilateral maxillary and ethmoid opacification and provisionally diagnosed chronic sinusitis. Previous RE conjunctival swabs returned positive for Streptococcus dysgalactiae, which was sensitive to penicillin and clindamycin, and Coliform spp. (no sensitivities); viral PCR was negative. He was treated with a single dose of intravenous (IV) flucloxacillin 2 g and discharged home with oral amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 875 mg/125 mg twice daily (BD).
Comparisons of Clinical Features in Japanese Patients with Behçet’s Uveitis Treated in the 1990s and the 2000s
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2020
Hisae Nakahara, Toshikatsu Kaburaki, Rie Tanaka, Atsushi Yoshida, Mitsuko Takamoto, Mikiko Kawata, Yujiro Fujino, Hidetoshi Kawashima, Makoto Aihara
To clarify the characteristics of recent cases of ocular BD in Japan, we retrospectively examined clinical features of patients with ocular BD who visited our department after 2000 and compared those with previously published data of newly arrived patients who were treated during the 1990s. There were some significant differences between the groups, including an increase in iridocyclitis type and decrease in BOS24-6M at the first visit, and slight increase in patients with good visual acuity at the final visit in the 2000s. In contrast, the 2000s showed increases in numbers of vasculo-BD, neuro-BD, and intestinal BD cases, while usage of cyclophosphamide was decreased and that of oral corticosteroid, methotrexate and infliximab was increased. Additionally, patients who underwent glaucoma and cataract surgery, and number of eyes with pseudophakia were increased in the later decade.
Fuchs’ Uveitis in Iranian Patients: A Review of 89 Eyes
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2019
Mohammad Zarei, Sahel Darabeigi, Mohammad Mehrpour, Ramak Roohipoor, Hamed Ghassemi, Nazanin Ebrahimiadib
We found posterior subcapsular cataract the most common subtype of cataract in FU which is similar to other studies. In the present study, about 12% showed other types of cataract and 8% have already underwent cataract surgery. We did not find cataract in about 30% of cases at the time of presentation. The prevalence of cataract formation is estimated to be 56% in the absence of applying corticosteroid eye drops. The high-percentage of patients presenting with cataract may be an indicator of longer duration of disease.1,15,24 In a similar study, the frequency of cataract at the time of diagnosis reported to be 52% (89 eyes) including nuclear sclerosis in 2.2%, mature cataract in 5.6% and posterior subcapsular cataract in 92.1%.21 Pseudophakia at the time of presentation was observed in 15.2% while the percentage of pseudophakic eyes in our study (8%) is in the lower range for the FU patients (Table 1).