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Ophthalmology
Published in Janesh K Gupta, Core Clinical Cases in Surgery and Surgical Specialties, 2014
Measure visual acuity and assess visual fields to confrontation. Examine the red reflex, which may be reduced in eyes with cataract. Posterior subcapsular cataract often occurs in patients with RP. Check the intraocular pressure. Dilated funduscopy may show the classic appearance of RP with pigment proliferation and accumulation of pigment shaped as bone corpuscles (‘bone spicules’) in the midperipheral retina. There may be diffuse large areas of chorioretinal atrophy in degenerative myopia. Examine the optic disc carefully for optic atrophy and/or pathological optic disc cupping (enlarged cup:disc ratio). Look for retinal arteriolar attenuation and cystoid macular oedema seen as a dull or absent foveal light reflex, because this may occur in patients with RP.
Long-term progression of myopic maculopathy in degenerative myopia as imaged by SD-OCT and IR imaging
Published in Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 2022
Georgios Bontzos, Tina Xirou, Anastasia Gkiala, Georgios Smoustopoulos, Ilias Gkizis, Evgenia Kontou, Stamatina A. Kabanarou, Miltiadis Tsilimbaris
Degenerative myopia is clinically characterised by continuous eye elongation, resulting in varying degrees of visual deterioration.7,14 Advances in imaging technologies have enabled the in vivo visualisation of retinal tissue in myopic eyes and monitoring the progression of the disease.15,16 The spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) device provides cross-sectional imaging of the retina allowing a non-invasive qualitative and quantitative measurement of the posterior pole. It has been shown that it is a reliable tool for evaluating and monitoring disease progression in myopic maculopathy as well as detecting early choroidal neovascularisation.17–19
The Relation of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio with High Axial Myopia
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2020
Erel Icel, Turgay Ucak, Yücel Karakurt, Hayati Yilmaz, Nurdan Gamze Tasli, Adem Turk
Degenerative myopia is a condition characterized by progressive elongation of the globe and capable of resulting in loss of vision due to various pathologies in the sclera, choroid and retina.23 Although the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and progression are not yet fully understood, this myopic refractive error has been reported to be affected by a range of genetic and environmental factors.24 High axial myopia generally appears as a precursor clinical form of types of pathological myopia.25