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Pathology and Staging of Colorectal Adenoma and Adenocarcinoma
Published in Peter Sagar, Andrew G. Hill, Charles H. Knowles, Stefan Post, Willem A. Bemelman, Patricia L. Roberts, Susan Galandiuk, John R.T. Monson, Michael R.B. Keighley, Norman S. Williams, Keighley & Williams’ Surgery of the Anus, Rectum and Colon, 2019
According to the WHO classification, it is estimated that more than 95% of colorectal cancers are adenocarcinomas.20 Conventional adenocarcinoma is characterised by glandular formation, which is the basis for tumour grading. Signet ring cell carcinoma has stage-independent adverse prognostic significance relative to conventional type adenocarcinoma,19 and it is defined by the presence of more than 50% of tumour cells showing signet ring cell features characterised by a prominent intracytoplasmic mucin vacuole that pushes the nucleus to the periphery.
Pancreatic Cancer
Published in Dongyou Liu, Tumors and Cancers, 2017
Signet ring cell carcinoma is a malignant epithelial neoplasm showing predominantly infiltrating round non-cohesive (isolated) cells containing intracytoplasmic mucin. Before confirmation of a primary pancreatic signet ring carcinoma, there is a need to rule out metastases from a breast or gastric source.
Malignant Neoplasms of the Colon
Published in Philip H. Gordon, Santhat Nivatvongs, Lee E. Smith, Scott Thorn Barrows, Carla Gunn, Gregory Blew, David Ehlert, Craig Kiefer, Kim Martens, Neoplasms of the Colon, Rectum, and Anus, 2007
Nissan et al. (790) compared 46 patients with signet ring cell carcinomas with 3371 patients with primary nonsignet ring cell carcinomas. Lymphatic and peritoneal spread was more common among the signet cell ring carcinoma group. Approximately one-third of signet ring cell carcinoma patients presented with metastatic disease. Mean survival time of signet ring cell carcinoma group was 45.4 months compared with 78.5 months for the control patients group. The cumulative survival curve of patients with signet ring cell carcinoma resembles that of patients with poorly differentiated rectal carcinomas.
Low CBS expression can identify patients who benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer
Published in Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, 2021
Jinsheng Zhao, Yusheng Zhao, Shasha Ding, Tao Liu, Fanzheng Meng
GC with different histological subtypes have different epidemiology, behavior, and prognosis. Unfortunately, 37% of patients from TCGA cohort had no histological information. Thus, the clinical parameter was not included in our formal statistical analyses. However, additional analyses were performed on the cases with histological information. We grouped the patients into four subtypes based on Lauren classification, intestinal type, diffuse type-signet ring cell carcinoma, diffuse type-others, and unknown/others. Like the entire cohort, ACT was associated with a favorable OS in patients with low CBS expression and intestinal or diffuse-other types (Table S1). Analysis was not applicable for signet ring cell carcinoma due to rare cases. In validation cohort GSE62254, ACT was also found to be associated with a favorable OS in patients with low CBS expression and intestinal, diffuse-signet ring cell carcinoma, or diffuse-other types (Table S2). The results suggested histological subtypes were not a confounding factor when using CBS expression to identify the patients benefit from ACT.
Immunohistochemistry features and molecular pathology of appendiceal neoplasms
Published in Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 2021
Reger R. Mikaeel, Joanne P. Young, Gonzalo Tapia Rico, Peter J. Hewett, Jennifer E. Hardingham, Wendy Uylaki, Mehgan Horsnell, Timothy J. Price
MACs refer to tumors in which histologically extracellular mucin comprises >50% of the cross-sectional area. According to the PSOGI, primary appendiceal mucinous adenocarcinoma can be classified into well-differentiated, moderately differentiated, and poorly differentiated MACs. Well-differentiated MACs often consist of neoplastic epithelium with minimal nuclear atypia lining the cystic mucin pools, while poorly differentiated MACs show no or little gland formation [14]. However, the diagnostic criteria for these three descriptive terms are not provided by the PSOGI. Poorly differentiated (mucinous) adenocarcinoma with signet ring cells are defined as neoplasms in which signet ring cells are present in <50% of the cells. PMP patients with signet ring cells tend to be associated with poor prognosis, and therefore, this group of patients are classified separately [52–54]. Signet ring cell carcinoma refers to neoplasms in which signet ring cells are present in >50% of the cells in adenocarcinoma. In addition, primary appendiceal adenocarcinoma, which can be non-mucinous, resembles colorectal adenocarcinoma radiologically and histologically and is further classified into well-differentiated, moderately differentiated, and poorly differentiated non-mucinous adenocarcinoma. Most appendiceal adenocarcinomas are of the AMN subtype and frequently arise from LAMNs. However, these carcinomas have also been reported to arise from adenomatous polyps or/and serrated adenomas [1,55,56].
Chemopreventive efficacy of juniper berry oil (Juniperus communis L.) on azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in rat
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2021
Turan Yaman, Ahmet Uyar, Ahmet Ufuk Kömüroğlu, Ömer Faruk Keleş, Zabit Yener
The production of mucin is a common histological feature in colorectal cancers. If more than 50% of the lesion consists of extracellular mucin, it is called a mucinous adenocarcinoma. This variant is characterized by accumulation of the extracellular mucin (39, 42). Signet ring cell mucinous carcinoma is a subtype of mucinous carcinoma that produces intracellular mucin (42). This subtype has a diffuse development pattern with few or no glands visible in microscopic terms. More than 50% of tumor cells have pronounced intracytoplasmic mucin. Intracellular mucin accumulation pushes the nucleus, creating a typical signet ring cell appearance. Metastasis of the lymph node, peritoneum, ovaries, and rarely the liver are observed (43, 44). In colon carcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma can accompany other microscopic conditions at certain rates, and their presence and ratios must be specified in reports, as prognosis is quite poor (45). In this study, atypical epithelial cells with the signet ring cell appearance were detected in dense amounts in the cecum and ileocecal lymph nodes of a rat in the AOM group. However, this type of cell was not encountered in the AOM + JB group of rats.