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Brooke–Spiegler Syndrome
Published in Dongyou Liu, Handbook of Tumor Syndromes, 2020
Malignant transformation of preexisting cylindroma, spiradenoma, and spiradenocylindroma may assume one or more of four morphological patterns: (i) salivary gland type basal cell adenocarcinoma-like pattern, low-grade (BCAC-LG, which displays small to medium-sized basaloid cells arranged in nodules or sheets, sometimes with focal peripheral palisading, replacing the dual epithelial populations of benign tumor); (ii) salivary gland type basal cell adenocarcinoma-like pattern, high-grade (BCAC-HG, which shows medium to large pleomorphic basaloid cells arranged in confluent sheets and nodules, with scant cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei containing conspicuous nucleoli, and atypical mitoses, replacing the dual cell population of benign tumor); (iii) invasive adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified (IAC-NOS); (iv) sarcomatoid (metaplastic) carcinoma [27,28].
The breasts
Published in C. Simon Herrington, Muir's Textbook of Pathology, 2020
Mucinous carcinoma comprises approximately 1% of invasive carcinomas. They are formed from clumps of moderately sized epithelial cells lying within lakes and pools of mucin. Numerous other rare patterns of invasive carcinoma may be seen (all <1% of the total) including invasive papillary carcinoma, invasive micropapillary carcinoma, metaplastic carcinoma (spindled cell, squamous or matrix producing, or a combination) and very rare salivary gland-type cancers, such as adenoid cystic carcinoma, and secretory carcinomas. Combinations of histological forms of invasive breast cancer, such as mixed mucinous and NST carcinoma or mixed lobular and NST carcinoma, are quite common and are classified as being of mixed type when the lesion is less than 90% ‘pure’ in type.
Pathology
Published in Jim Cassidy, Patrick Johnston, Eric Van Cutsem, Colorectal Cancer, 2006
Extremely uncommon carcinomas not listed in the WHO classification, and reported in only a few cases, include microglandular goblet cell carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, spindle cell and metaplastic carcinoma (carcinosarcoma), giant cell carcinoma, choriocarcinoma, carcinomas arising in endometriosis, melanotic adenocarcinoma, and Paneth cell rich papillary adenocarcinoma (5).
How can we better distinguish metastatic tumors from primary tumors in the breast?
Published in Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, 2021
In the remaining one-third of cases, however, the histology could not be distinguished from primary breast tumors [3]. The following examples are histological features shared by both metastatic and primary tumors: 1) high-grade solid growth pattern in both metastatic poorly differentiated carcinoma and primary grade 3 invasive carcinoma of no special type, 2) micropapillary architecture in metastatic serous carcinoma and primary invasive micropapillary carcinoma, 3) extensive squamous differentiation in both metastatic squamous cell carcinoma and primary squamous cell carcinoma, a subtype of metaplastic carcinoma, 4) signet ring cell morphology in both metastatic gastric cancer and primary lobular carcinoma, and 5) spindle cell morphology in both metastatic sarcoma and primary spindle cell carcinoma or malignant phyllodes tumor.
Expression of markers of stem cell characteristics, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, basal-like phenotype, proliferation, and androgen receptor in metaplastic breast cancer and their prognostic impact
Published in Acta Oncologica, 2021
Sari Voutilainen, Päivi Heikkilä, Mika Sampo, Heli Nevanlinna, Carl Blomqvist, Johanna Mattson
The study was approved by the local Ethics committee. The study comprised 78 patients diagnosed with MpBC at the Helsinki University Comprehensive Cancer Center during 2002–2016. All cases were reviewed by a breast pathologist to verify the diagnosis and histological subtype classification. Ki-67 was considered high if ≥20%. Due to the limited availability of tissue, staining was performed in 75 tumors in this cohort. One further case lacked tissue material for analysis of CK5/6. Ki-67 analyses were conducted on 78 patients. Tumor tissue was subclassified according to WHO recommendation into low-grade adenosquamous carcinoma, fibromatosis-like metaplastic carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, spindle cell carcinoma, and carcinoma with mesenchymal differentiation [17]. MpBCs having different metaplastic components were classified as mixed metaplastic carcinomas and MpBCs including also a conventional type of breast cancer as mixed type.
Chemotherapy and targeted treatments of breast sarcoma by histologic subtype
Published in Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, 2021
Stefania Kokkali, Athina Stravodimou, Jose Duran-Moreno, Nektarios Koufopoulos, Ioannis a Voutsadakis, Antonia Digklia
The diagnosis of BS requires that both malignant PT and metaplastic carcinoma with a sarcomatous component are excluded. Adequate sampling is necessary. The absence of epithelial lined cysts and of a histological carcinomatous component as well as negative staining for immunohistochemical markers of epithelial differentiation [AE1/AE3, CK8/18, and CK19] are required to make a diagnosis of primary BS. As a result, FNA should be avoided.