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How Often Do You Think About Oral Health as an Essential Part of Wellness and a Healthy Lifestyle?
Published in Gia Merlo, Kathy Berra, Lifestyle Nursing, 2023
Judith Haber, Erin Hartnett, Jessamin Cipollina
The HPV vaccine should be administered between ages 9 and 14. The vaccine produces better immunity to fight infection when given at younger ages compared with older ages. Vaccination for HPV is much more effective at preventing disease and cancer if all doses in the series are administered before someone’s first sexual contact (Table 24.3). The nursing profession has a long history of health promotion advocacy; continuing this vaccine advocacy role with parents and their children on behalf of increasing HPV vaccination rates is essential.
Antiviral Drugs as Tools for Nanomedicine
Published in Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Viral and Antiviral Nanomaterials, 2022
Human papilloma viruses (HPVs), which are associated with cervical carcinoma, other anogenital cancers and a subset of head and neck cancers. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a viral infection that is passed between people through skin-to-skin contact. There are over 100 varieties of HPV, more than 40 of which are passed through sexual contact and can affect the genitals, mouth, or throat. HPV can cause cervical and other cancers, including that of the vulva, vagina, penis, or anus. It can also cause cancer in the back of the throat, including the base of the tongue and tonsils; that is called oropharyngeal cancer (de Martel et al. 2017; Timbang et al. 2019). Cancer often takes years, even decades, to develop after a person gets HPV. The types of HPV that can cause genital warts are not the same as the types of HPV that can cause cancers.
Order Zurhausenvirales
Published in Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier, Virus-Like Particles, 2022
Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier
The great contribution of the VLP technique consisted therefore in the fact that the vaccination against HPV was possible since 2006–2007 and the VLP vaccines that protect against HPV16 and HPV18 were approved and recommended by WHO for use in many countries. The numerous clinical trials and postmarketing surveillance have shown that the HPV vaccines were safe and effective in preventing HPV infections, according to the previously cited WHO digest. Therefore, the Papillomaviridae family presented the second, after the family Hepadnaviridae with the recombinant VLP-based hepatitis B vaccine that is described in Chapter 37, successful and world-widely accepted VLP-based vaccine—as reviewed by Schiller and Lowy (2012)—and triggered therefore a huge number of medical investigations, which are not referenced here.
Clinical and economic burden of HPV-related cancers in the US veteran population
Published in Journal of Medical Economics, 2022
Kunal Saxena, Rachel Souza Dawson, Anissa Cyhaniuk, Temitope Bello, Nora Janjan
HPV can cause several diseases, such as genital warts, and result in cancers, including cervical, vulvar, vaginal, anal, penile, and head and neck cancers1,3–5. Consistent with a rising incidence and prevalence of HPV infection, HPV-related cancers also increased from 30,000 in 1999 to 43,000 in 20152. Prior studies have shown that approximately 90% of cervical and anal, 80% of oropharyngeal, 70% of vaginal and vulvar, and over 60% of penile cancers are attributable to an HPV infection6–8. More recently, HPV-related cervical and vaginal cancer rates decreased, presumably due to better screening practices and improved vaccination in women, while HPV-related oropharyngeal and anal cancer rates have increased2,9–11. Over 80% of men with an HPV-related cancer had oropharyngeal cancer – with white men, aged 65–69 years, having the highest incidence of oropharyngeal cancer, at 41.6/100,00010. Consistent with overall trends of HPV-related cancers among women and men in the general US population, a Department of Defense (DoD) repository study found a higher rate of HPV-related cancers among older males, defined as having ≥10 years of military service11–13.
Real-world impact and effectiveness of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine: an updated systematic literature review
Published in Expert Review of Vaccines, 2022
Wei (Vivian) Wang, Smita Kothari, Jozica Skufca, Anna R. Giuliano, Karin Sundström, Mari Nygård, Carol Koro, Marc Baay, Thomas Verstraeten, Alain Luxembourg, Alfred J. Saah, Suzanne M. Garland
The manuscript uses certain terms which have been defined and explained here: 1) vaccine impact, defined as the population-prevented fraction of infection or disease, assessed by comparing prevalence or incidence in the vaccine era to a comparable population from the pre-vaccine era or by measuring population-level trends over time, and; 2) vaccine effectiveness (VE) defined as the proportion of infection or disease prevented among vaccinated individuals, estimated by comparing the incidence in vaccinated vs. unvaccinated individuals within similar populations [30,31]. Throughout this manuscript, we refer to herd protection effects. This occurs when sufficient vaccination coverage of the population results in a reduction of circulating transmissible infection and disease in the population in general, extending the protective effects to those who have not been vaccinated. It is noteworthy, however, that these individuals are not protected when moving out of the herd and into another unvaccinated group [32]. The elimination of HPV and HPV-related diseases are discussed in this manuscript. Here, the WHO’s elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem refers to a target incidence of below the proposed threshold of four per 100,000 women-years [4]. Where noted, eradication of HPV/HPV-related disease refers to permanent reduction to zero.
Reasons and influential recommendations associated with HPV vaccination among Chinese college students in the USA
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2021
Wei-Chen Tung, Minggen Lu, Joey Langowski, Xiangwen Qiu
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States of America (USA) with 80 million people estimated to be currently infected.1 The consequences of HPV may lead to the development of certain types of cancers (e.g. anal, cervical, penile, oropharynx, vaginal, and vulvar cancers), all of which are serious and life-threatening.2 The HPV vaccine can protect against some HPV associated diseases (including cancers) when administered in the recommended age groups. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends HPV vaccination for male through age 21 and women through age 26.3 It is now recommended that 11- to 12-year-olds receive two doses of the HPV vaccine; the vaccination series can be started at age 9 and through age 14. Three doses of the HPV vaccine are recommended for people who initiate the series at ages 15 through 26 years. Additionally, HPV vaccination is recommended through age 26 for the following people: (a) young male who have sex with male; (b) young adults who are transgender; and (c) young adults with weakened immune systems.3