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DRCOG MCQs for Circuit C Questions
Published in Una F. Coales, DRCOG: Practice MCQs and OSCEs: How to Pass First Time three Complete MCQ Practice Exams (180 MCQs) Three Complete OSCE Practice Papers (60 Questions) Detailed Answers and Tips, 2020
Ovarian tumours that secrete oestrogen include:Arrhenoblastoma.Dysgerminoma.Teratoma.Granulosa cell tumour.Thecoma.
Ovarian cancer
Published in Anju Sahdev, Sarah J. Vinnicombe, Husband & Reznek's Imaging in Oncology, 2020
Stephanie Nougaret, Helen Addley, Evis Sala, Anju Sahdev
Sex cord-stromal tumours (SCST) develop from sex cords and the specialized stroma of the ovary. They are capable of differentiating in an ovarian direction (granulosa-theca cells) or in a testicular direction (Sertoli or Leydig cells) or in a stromal direction remaining fibromatous. Malignant SCSTs account for 5%–10% of all ovarian cancers and are seen throughout the reproductive and postmenopausal phases. They also occur in childhood but are uncommon before menarche and account for only 5% of childhood malignancies (51). This group of ovarian neoplasms is also referred to as ‘functioning tumours’ in that as many as 85%–90% of them synthesize steroids such as oestrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and corticosteroids. Granulosa cell tumour is the most common histological subtype. The majority of SCSTs are unilateral, confined to the ovary at diagnosis, and have a good 5-year survival rate, >90%, for stage I disease (51).
Knowledge Area 14: Gynaecological Oncology
Published in Rekha Wuntakal, Ziena Abdullah, Tony Hollingworth, Get Through MRCOG Part 1, 2020
Rekha Wuntakal, Ziena Abdullah, Tony Hollingworth
Granulosa cell tumour belong to sex-cord stromal tumours in ovarian tumour classification. This tumour produces oestrogen hormone causing unopposed action of oestrogen on the endometrium and therefore leading to develop endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer.Further readingSarris I, Sangeeta A, Susan B. Training in Obstetrics and Gynecology; The Essential Curriculum. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2009, pp. 391–416.
Mucinous cystadenoma with fibroma: a rare combination of collision tumour
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Tanisha Singla, Chintamani Pathak, Anam Singh, Gaurav Singla, Swati Singla, Naveen Kumar R.
Surface epithelial tumours are the commonest (65%), whereas sex cord stromal tumours account for 10% of the ovarian neoplasms. However, their combination in the form of a collision tumour are extremely rare. Various combinations of ovarian tumours that have been reported in the literature include cystadenocarcinoma and dermoid cyst (Bige et al. 2009), teratoma and mucinous cystadenoma (Tang et al. 2003), serous cystadenocarcinoma and teratoma, carcinosarcoma and dermoid cyst, choriocarcinoma and cystadenoma, sarcoma and mucinous tumour, mucinous cystadenoma coexisting with stromal tumour with sex cord elements (Yang et al. 2001), serous cystadenoma and Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour, granulosa cell tumour and ovarian hepatoid carcinoma (Triratanachat et al. 2004). Adult granulosa cell tumour has also been reported in combination with mucinous cystadenoma. Theory of histogenesis includes collision tumour and heterologous mucinous differentiation within an AGCT. The latter theory has been preferred because in few case reports there was admixture of the mucinous component with the granulosa component. Also, similar heterologous mucinous differentiation has been well described in Sertoli-Leydig cell tumours. But in our case there was distinct interface between the two components and the combination of mucinous cystadenoma and fibroma has not been reported to-date.
Hyperestrogenemia resulting from a granulosa cell tumor and causing pulmonary thromboembolism: a case report
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2022
Altamiro Ribeiro Dias-Junior, Eduardo Vieira da Motta, Edson Santos Ferreira-Filho, Manoel Edinilson Evangelista Oliveira-Junior, José Maria Soares-Junior, Edmund Chada Baracat
As this scenario led to the hypothesis of granulosa tumor, the patient underwent to an exploratory laparotomy with intraoperative finding of ascites and a left adnexal tumor of 24 cm at the largest diameter. We performed a total hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy (Figures 2,3). The patient recovered uneventfully. The anatomic pathology result indicated a granulosa cell tumor in the left ovary (Figure 3), with mild nuclear atypia; mitotic index: 6 mitoses/10 high-power fields. Ovarian capsule infiltration was not detected. Final pathological staging (pTNM 2017/8th AJCC edition) showed pT1c1; FIGO: IC1. The patient remained hospitalized for 16 days, and was discharged on day 17. Two months later, laboratory tests showed the following results: anti-Mullerian (0.02 ng/mL), inhibin (<10 pg/mL), FSH (37.8 U/L), and estradiol (<17 pg/mL).
Sex-Cord Tumor with Annular Tubules with Unusual Morphology in an Infant with Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2022
Priyanka Maity, Nandini Das, Uttara Chatterjee, Dhananjay Basak
SCTAT and Sertoli cell tumors show some degree of overlap in the morphology. Some cases with hybrid features of sex-cord stromal tumors may be difficult to classify because of their unique morphology. Sometimes, within aggregates of the tubular formations in SCTAT, there is a proliferation of cells with a solid pattern that may be composed of lipid-rich cells, as we observed in this case. The SCTAT may evolve into a confluent overgrowth of cells with Sertoli cell characteristics with diffuse growth of oxyphilic cells or lipid-rich cells. Tubular pattern is common to both Sertoli cell tumor and SCTAT; however, the tubules in Sertoli tumors tend to be hollow. The characteristic pink concretions, within the limited areas of tubular differentiation in our case, favored a diagnosis of SCTAT. An unusual case of co-existing Sertoli cell tumor and SCTAT in a case of PJS in an 11-year-old girl has been described. She had no hormonal symptoms [3]. Steroid cell tumor was excluded by the presence of tubular differentiation and the tumor cells did not have the abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm of steroid cell tumors. Our tumor lacked the architectural and nuclear features of a luteinized granulosa cell tumor. Another close morphological mimic is the gonadoblastoma, which contains germ cells and occurs in an altogether different clinical setting associated with dysgenetic gonads in patients of disorders of sexual differentiation.