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DRCOG MCQs for Circuit C Questions
Published in Una F. Coales, DRCOG: Practice MCQs and OSCEs: How to Pass First Time three Complete MCQ Practice Exams (180 MCQs) Three Complete OSCE Practice Papers (60 Questions) Detailed Answers and Tips, 2020
Ovarian tumours that secrete oestrogen include:Arrhenoblastoma.Dysgerminoma.Teratoma.Granulosa cell tumour.Thecoma.
Ovarian cancer
Published in Anju Sahdev, Sarah J. Vinnicombe, Husband & Reznek's Imaging in Oncology, 2020
Stephanie Nougaret, Helen Addley, Evis Sala, Anju Sahdev
Malignant granulosa cell tumours account for about 70% of all malignant SCSTs and 3%–5% of all ovarian neoplasms. They are divided into adult (95%) and juvenile (5%) types. The adult type manifests mostly in perimenopausal women (median age: 50–54 years), whereas the juvenile type predominates in prepubertal girls (median age: 13 years) (52,53). MRI features of granulosa cell tumours vary, but certain findings may point to the correct diagnosis. In addition to clinical information including perimenopausal status, menometrorrhagia, and elevated inhibin level, suggestive MR features are high SI on T1WI (intralesional haemorrhage), ‘sponge-like’ or ‘Swiss cheese’ appearance on T2WI (multiple cysts interspersed within a solid mass), and enhancing solid components (Figure 19.9). Findings indicative of juvenile granulosa cell tumour are age <30 years, isosexual precocious puberty, an elevated inhibin level, and MRI appearances similar to adult type. Rarely, juvenile granulosa cell tumours may manifest as intermediate-to-high SI solid masses or a predominantly cystic lesion with a solid component. Peritoneal metastases and associated endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma should be excluded on imaging (Figures 19.10 and 19.11) (54,55).
In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer
Published in Asim Kurjak, Ultrasound and Infertility, 2020
The mature oocyte is normally found surrounded with transparent cumulus and in highly stretchable intercellular substance. The border of the oocyte, as well as zones pellucida, are clearly distinguishable. Granulosa cells, with characteristic abundant cytoplasm, are found all around the oocyte. Meiotic changes in the mature egg are already completed, and the polar body is expelled out of the cell.
Human ovarian granulosa cells use clathrin-mediated endocytosis for LDL uptake: immunocytochemical and electron microscopic study
Published in Ultrastructural Pathology, 2023
Aynur Abdulova, Merjem Purelku, Hakan Sahin, Gamze Tanrıverdi
The granulosa cells are an important part of the female reproductive system. They have an enormous impact on the maturation of the oocyte and the regulation of the hormonal changes that take place during this process. These cells depending on their location inside the follicle are subdivided into two groups as mural (antral) and cumulus granulosa cells and those cells show different phenotypic characteristics 1. It is well known that the steroidogenic activity of the granulosa cells is regulated by the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and the luteinizing hormone (LH). The mural granulosa cells in the antral follicle possess a high steroidogenic activity. The responsiveness level to LH of cumulus cells released by oocytes during ovulation is lower than the mural granulosa cells.2
Androgen-secreting adult granulosa cell tumor in a woman with polycystic ovary syndrome: a case report
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2022
Chongjuan Gu, Xiaoqin Zeng, Quan Shi, Qing Xiao, Yaojuan He
Adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCT) most frequently occur in postmenopausal women peaks at the age of 50–55 years old, commonly associated with estrogenic manifestations due to estrogen overproduction, which can cause altered menstrual patterns ranging from amenorrhea to excessive uterine bleeding, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancer, breast tenderness as well as precocious puberty in pediatric population[1,2]. Androgen-secreting granulosa cell tumors are rare, and when androgen-secreting granulosa cell tumors occur in reproductive age women, however, its clinical characteristics may resemble that of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) [3,4]. In this paper, we present an unusual case of PCOS and androgen -secreting AGCT with manifestations that include amenorrhea, hirsutism, normal estrogen and high anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, who got pregnancy naturally after surgery to treatment the tumor, and she reappeared with PCOS two years after delivery.
Mucinous cystadenoma with fibroma: a rare combination of collision tumour
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Tanisha Singla, Chintamani Pathak, Anam Singh, Gaurav Singla, Swati Singla, Naveen Kumar R.
Surface epithelial tumours are the commonest (65%), whereas sex cord stromal tumours account for 10% of the ovarian neoplasms. However, their combination in the form of a collision tumour are extremely rare. Various combinations of ovarian tumours that have been reported in the literature include cystadenocarcinoma and dermoid cyst (Bige et al. 2009), teratoma and mucinous cystadenoma (Tang et al. 2003), serous cystadenocarcinoma and teratoma, carcinosarcoma and dermoid cyst, choriocarcinoma and cystadenoma, sarcoma and mucinous tumour, mucinous cystadenoma coexisting with stromal tumour with sex cord elements (Yang et al. 2001), serous cystadenoma and Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour, granulosa cell tumour and ovarian hepatoid carcinoma (Triratanachat et al. 2004). Adult granulosa cell tumour has also been reported in combination with mucinous cystadenoma. Theory of histogenesis includes collision tumour and heterologous mucinous differentiation within an AGCT. The latter theory has been preferred because in few case reports there was admixture of the mucinous component with the granulosa component. Also, similar heterologous mucinous differentiation has been well described in Sertoli-Leydig cell tumours. But in our case there was distinct interface between the two components and the combination of mucinous cystadenoma and fibroma has not been reported to-date.