China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Childhood Malignancies, Cysts, and Sinuses of the Head and Neck
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
Chordoma is a rare, slow-growing, bony tumour from embryonic remnants of notochord. In head and neck, chordoma is most often found in the nasopharynx and skull base, and it is locally aggressive. Rarely is completely excisable, so post-operative radiotherapy is used, but proton-beam therapy is increasingly used.
Hip Pain
Published in Benjamin Apichai, Chinese Medicine for Lower Body Pain, 2021
Sacral chordoma has symptoms of bladder or bowel obstruction. An ultrasound scan may show a possible collection. A soft tissue mass may be palpable. An MRI or CT may show a tumor near the sacrum and coccyx.72
Primary bone tumours
Published in Anju Sahdev, Sarah J. Vinnicombe, Husband & Reznek's Imaging in Oncology, 2020
Jennifer N Murphy, Steven L J James, Murali Sundaram, A Mark Davies
In the sacral region, radiographs demonstrate a lytic midline lesion (Figure 22.21a). There is usually an associated pre-sacral soft tissue mass; however, this can be hard to appreciate on radiographs. This displaces rather than invades the posterior rectal wall. Small areas of internal calcification may be identified on radiographs (50%–60%); however, this is better appreciated on CT (57). MRI again demonstrates the midline location of the lesion and more accurately defines both intra- and extraosseous extent of disease (Figure 22.21b,c). A lobulated pattern with expansion is frequently encountered. The tumour is of low-to-intermediate signal intensity on T1 and high signal on fat-suppressed T2/STIR images (57). In the cervical region, chordoma typically presents with a parapharyngeal mass or symptoms relating to nerve root compression.
Oxford’s clinical experience in the development of high intensity focused ultrasound therapy
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2021
Ishika Prachee, Feng Wu, David Cranston
In China, HIFU therapy for soft tissue sarcoma is also an established treatment method [1]. A chordoma is a form of low-grade soft tissue sarcoma, which arises from the remnants of the notochord. This tumour subtype is rare, with a prevalence of less than one case per million per annum. The critical problem with treating this tumour type is the location as it is adjacent to many critical pelvic structures. Hence the mainstay treatment option, curative surgical resection, is not always feasible. Another key problem is delayed presentation as the symptoms are slowly progressive and non-specific during the early stages of the disease. Symptoms include bladder and bowel dysfunction, sacral and lower limb pain, as well as pelvic masses. Alongside surgery, adjuvant radiotherapy is given. Radiotherapy has a maximum dose and so repeated cycles are not always possible. HIFU is able to overcome some of these challenges and has been shown to successfully treat sacral chordomas in four patients at the Churchill Hospital, Oxford [11,26].
Characteristics and functional outcomes of chordoma patients admitted for inpatient rehabilitation
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2018
Sasha E. Knowlton, Ross Zafonte, Kevin C. O’Connor, Joseph Schwab, Francis Hornicek
Individual demographic data were collected from the medical record during retrospective chart review for each patient such as age, gender, prior medical history, and preoperative functional status in addition to tumor-specific details, including location of primary tumor, pathology, the presence of recurrence and metastases in addition to surgical details and postoperative complications. To accurately confirm the primary tumor level, the initial radiologic reports and images were examined. The diagnosis and type of chordoma were confirmed by reviewing available pathology reports. This information was gathered from the medical record in addition to an available chordoma database from a major acute hospital with a specialized chordoma center, which contained detailed surgical information (such as whether nerve sacrifice was performed) as well as other tumor-specific information.
Variables affecting functional improvement in chordoma patients admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation facility: A retrospective review
Published in The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2018
Sasha E. Knowlton, Richard Goldstein, Kevin C. O'Connor, Joseph Schwab, Francis Hornicek, Ross Zafonte
Improved survival in the chordoma population after surgical resection is an achievable goal as a result of improved disease treatment with surgery, targeted chemotherapy and radiation.9,11,24 Improved function in the chordoma population after surgical resection or other treatment should also be an achievable goal. Post-operative stays at inpatient rehabilitation facilities are meant to improve patient function in a multitude of dimensions. Based on logistic regression analysis, chordoma patients can anticipate becoming a substantial responder—in other words, achieve two or more levels of improved independence—after an inpatient rehabilitation stay if they have a longer length of stay at the IRF or if they are younger in age. Variables such as sex, readmission to the acute hospital, medical comorbidities, recurrent tumor, nerve sacrifice, presence of metastases, LOS at the acute hospital and location of chordoma in the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral or coccygeal regions of the spine did not statistically affect whether an individual had substantial improvement while at an IRF. The variables that statistically affected substantial improvement at the IRF were either a younger age or a longer length of stay at the IRF.