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Ecology
Published in Paul Pumpens, Single-Stranded RNA Phages, 2020
Meanwhile, ozonation was found to be less efficient than mixed oxidants generated by the Purizer process by direct comparison of both methods for the inactivation of the phage MS2 (Holland et al. 2001, 2002). The phage MS2 was used as one of the indicators by the combined application of ozone and hydrogen peroxide (Sommer et al. 2004).
Inorganic Chemical Pollutants
Published in William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel, Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 4, 2017
William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel
Ozone acts as a protective layer high about the earth to filter radiation. Its absence in some areas (over Australia, for instance), due to excessive fluorocarbon use on the earth, has resulted in a marked increase in skin cancer. Other beneficial uses of ozone include the ozonation of water. The toxic effect of ozone on living tissues is beneficial during water sterilization because it kills the hazardous bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Its side products are mainly oxygen and thus also beneficial. Ozone has also been used as an oxidant to detoxify buildings that contain toxic substances and molds.
Hyperthermia in oncology and nontoxic integrative treatments
Published in Clifford L. K. Pang, Kaiman Lee, Hyperthermia in Oncology, 2015
Clifford L. K. Pang, Kaiman Lee
Hyperthermia and medical ozone therapy are often integrated in cancer therapies. Both have the functions of killing cancer cells, enhancing body immunity, and killing the viruses causing cancer through different approaches and have sensitization and synergistic effects on radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The author has used medical ozone therapy, including extracorporeal blood oxygenation and ozonation (EBOO), medical ozone major autohemotherapy, medical ozone minor autohemotherapy, medical ozone saline infusion, medical ozone gas infusion (rectum and vaginal infusion), medical ozone package, and medical ozone oil. Clinical observations have shown that the combination of hyperthermia with medical ozone therapy not only has anticancer effects but also can improve patients’ mental state, fatigue, dormancy, and appetite. Their toxic and side effects have not yet been found. There remains a lot of room for study and discussion.
Molecular effects of ozone on amino acids and proteins, especially human hemoglobin and albumin, and the need to personalize ozone concentration in major ozone autohemotherapy
Published in Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 2023
Fouad Mehraban, Arefeh Seyedarabi
Ozone, one of the strongest oxidants in nature, [1] can be produced under laboratory conditions by passing pure oxygen through a high voltage gradient [2]. Ozone, which is used clinically as medical ozone, is a mixture of gases: ozone (1–5%) and oxygen (99–95%) [3]. It can be produced in the body by neutrophils, through the catalytic reaction of immune cells, from endogenously produced single oxygen molecules and antibodies [4]. It is also generated endogenously in living tissues through the oxidation of water by singlet oxygen molecules, a reaction that is catalyzed by antibodies or amino acids [5]. The term, ozonation, relates to the process when ozone is used in treatment [6], while ozonolysis is any reaction with ozone, especially a reaction with a double bond that results in bond cleavage [7].
Advanced oxidation of acid yellow 11 dye; detoxification and degradation mechanism
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2021
Mohamed A. Hassaan, Ahmed El Nemr, Fedekar F. Madkour, Abubakr M. Idris, Tarek O. Said, Taher Sahlabji, Majed M. Alghamdi, Adel A. El-Zahhar
The identification and poisonous assessment of the ozonation intermediates and final products have to be investigated to avoid environmental harms and to validate the treatment method. Our previous studies and other earlier studies reported that the degradation product due to ozonation depends on the chemical structure of the parent compounds along with the ozonation circumstances (Somensi et al.2010, Hassaan et al.2017a,b, El Nemr et al.2017). The chromatogram of GC/MS (Figure 3) shows the following compounds with retention times: 13.58 min dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane, 22.00 min tetradecamethyl-cycloheptasiloxane, 27.22 min 2,7-diphenyl-1,6-dioxopyridazino[4,5:2′,3′]pyrrolo[4′,5′-d]pyridazine, 31.78 min 14-methyl-hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, 35.64 min dibutylphthalate and 44.08 min diisooctylphthalate.
Development of a large-scale computer-controlled ozone inhalation exposure system for rodents
Published in Inhalation Toxicology, 2019
Gregory J. Smith, Leon Walsh, Mark Higuchi, Samir N. P. Kelada
Although its general biological effects are well studied, the toxicological mechanisms underlying these adverse health effects of ozone remain the subject of ongoing research. Particularly active areas of research include, but are not limited to, identification of specific biologically active products of airway surface liquid ozonation (Speen et al., 2016), the mechanisms of systemic cardiovascular and neurological effects (Miller, Ghio, et al., 2016; Miller, Snow, et al., 2016; Paffett et al., 2015; Tyler et al., 2018) and the influence of ozone on the pathogenesis (versus exacerbation) of respiratory diseases (Herring et al., 2015; Michaudel et al., 2018; Zu et al., 2018). Additionally, the mechanisms underlying sex differences in response to ozone (Cabello et al., 2015; Cho et al., 2019) and genetic modifiers of response (Bauer and Kleeberger, 2010) are also important data gaps that need to be addressed. A combination of epidemiological and experimental approaches (controlled in vivo human and rodent studies, and in vitro systems) will be needed to answer all of these questions. We have focused our work on the use of rodent models to study ozone toxicity, including inter-individual differences in response. In particular, we aim to identify genetic predictors of ozone response using a population of genetically diverse mice, which requires quite large sample sizes (e.g., more than 300 mice). To facilitate such large-scale inhalation studies, we designed and constructed a new large-scale, computer-controlled ozone exposure system for rodents at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.