China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Exopolysaccharide Production from Marine Bacteria and Its Applications
Published in Se-Kwon Kim, Marine Biochemistry, 2023
Prashakha J. Shukla, Shivang B. Vhora, Ankita G. Murnal, Unnati B. Yagnik, Maheshwari Patadiya
EPSs act as natural bioflocculant and well replace chemical flocculants. B. cereus SK has been reported for its significant bioflocculant activity (Busi et al., 2017). EPSs of Corynebacterium glutamicum and Bacillus sp. As-101 also exhibited noticeable flocculation activity (Salehizadeh et al., 2000; He et al., 2004). EPS-producing Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus spp. were found to possess bioflocculant properties, and a novel bioflocculant MM1 was reported from the EPSs produced by these bacteria. Similarly, a consortia of Rhizobium radiobacter F2 and B. sphaeicus F6 and of Oceanobacillus and Halobacillus spp. have been applied in the industrial wastewater and river water treatments due to the bioflocculant properties of EPSs produced by them (Zhang et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2011; Cosa et al., 2014; Vijayendra and Shamala, 2014).
Environment and health
Published in Liam J. Donaldson, Paul D. Rutter, Donaldsons' Essential Public Health, 2017
Liam J. Donaldson, Paul D. Rutter
Wastewater is thought of in three main categories, each of which is potentially hazardous to health. These are domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and agricultural wastewater. Domestic sewage contains a large number of intestinal organisms. Industrial and agricultural wastewater may contain toxic chemicals, and sometimes run into public sewers or directly into rivers.
Wastewater regulations *
Published in Jamie Bartram, Rachel Baum, Peter A. Coclanis, David M. Gute, David Kay, Stéphanie McFadyen, Katherine Pond, William Robertson, Michael J. Rouse, Routledge Handbook of Water and Health, 2015
Industrial wastewater2 can have its own standards. Between 5 and 20 percent of all water goes to industrial use, and nearly 70 percent of the resulting wastewater is untreated in developing countries (WWAP 2009). Depending on the industrial sector, wastewater can include nutrient rich organics, synthetic organic chemicals and heavy metals, potentially threatening human health and the environment if improperly treated. A variety of technologies are available to treat contaminated industrial wastewater, and sector-specific regulations exist for wastewater emissions for sectors as diverse as mining, landfills, power generation, food processing and chemicals manufacturing (International Finance Corporation 2007a), but lax or ineffective enforcement of these standards reduces the incentive for industry to purchase expensive treatment and comply with the standards.
Optimization of an integrated system for refinery wastewater treatment
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2020
Ali Almasi, Leila Yavari, Mitra Mohammadi, Seyyed Alireza Mousavi
The study by Katayon et al. emphasized the effect of MLSS on the membrane bioreactor process efficiency. They examined two concentrations of 1670 and 4720 mg/L on the process efficiency and showed that by increasing the MLSS concentration, the process efficiency was reduced due to lack of food for microorganisms (Katayon et al. 2004). The effect of MLSS concentration (2500, 3500, and 5000 mg/L) on the efficiency of active sludge process was studied by Kumar et al. on the treatment of industrial wastewater. They were found that process efficiency during HRT of 18 h, by the increase in MLSS concentration from 2500 to 5000 mg/L increased from 46 to 67% (Kumar et al. 2014). Katayon and Kumar results are consistent with this study.
Efficiency of hospital wastewater treatment system in removal of level of toxic, microbial, and organic pollutant
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2022
Gholamreza Sarizadeh, Sahar Geravandi, Afshin Takdastan, Parviz Javanmaerdi, Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
The pH value of the effluent was between 7.0 and 8.0. The pH values of the influent were higher than the pH values of the effluent. The maximum temperature value of the influent was 29 °C. The activated sludge processes are widely used in the biological treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater for its highly efficient removal of organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus; that is the most commonly used process to treat wastewater worldwide (Tamis et al.2011, Yan et al.2013, Topal and Topal 2015).
Feasible and eco-friendly removal of hexavalent chromium toxicant from aqueous solutions using chemically modified sugarcane bagasse cellulose
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2021
Ahmed Eleryan, Ahmed El Nemr, Abubakr M. Idris, Majed M. Alghamdi, Adel A. El-Zahhar, Tarek O. Said, Taher Sahlabji
On the other hand, due to a water deficiency problem across the word, the recycle of wastewater for reuse for different purposes has become a priority (Hassaan et al. 2020, Idriss et al. 2020). A mass of Cr(VI) is discharged into the environment through mainly industrial wastewater. Therefore, the removal of Cr(VI) from the environment and particularly from wastewater is an issue of public interest.