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Pregnancy and Skin Disease
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Tugba Kevser Uzuncakmak, Ozge Askin, Yalçın Tüzün
Overview: During pregnancy, stretch marks, also called striae gravidarum, may occur due to hormonal factors, genetic predisposition, and mechanical stress. Striae occur in 60–90% of pregnant women and represent one of the most common skin findings of pregnancy. Contributing factors include the weakening of the connections between collagen fibers in areas of tension, such as breasts, abdomen, and hips. With the effect of increased corticosteroids, estrogen, and relaxin, the elastic fibers in the reticular dermis may rupture or fracture. Striae rubrae, which are clinically pink to purple, linear bands, develop and can later become ivory-colored, atrophic lesions, known as overtime, but they do not disappear completely. Striae development is known to occur more frequently in young primiparous women with a high body-mass index, plus excessive weight gain during pregnancy, carrying macrosomic babies, and a personal or family history of striae.
Dermatoses of Pregnancy
Published in Vincenzo Berghella, Maternal-Fetal Evidence Based Guidelines, 2022
Hannah J. Anderson, Dana Correale, Jason B. Lee
Striae distensae (SD), or stretch marks, do not represent a disease, but rather are a cosmetic problem for many people. They often occur for the first time during pregnancy and are referred to as SG. SD initially appear as linear patches that are red to purple in color and lack noticeable surface change (striae rubra). With time, their color fades to lighter than normal skin tone. They become atrophic or depressed with a fine, wrinkled surface (striae alba).
Chronic Liver Disease
Published in Praveen S. Goday, Cassandra L. S. Walia, Pediatric Nutrition for Dietitians, 2022
Julia M. Boster, Kelly A. Klaczkiewicz, Shikha S. Sundaram
Patients with NAFLD are usually obese and may have central obesity in particular. Concurrent insulin resistance can result in acanthosis nigricans, a velvety, darkening of the skin occurring in skin folds and creases such as the posterior neck and axilla. Rapid weight gain may also result in striae on the trunk or extremities.
MATE1 expression in the cochlea and its potential involvement in cisplatin cellular uptake and ototoxicity
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2023
Sofia Waissbluth, Agustín D. Martínez, Cindel Figueroa-Cares, Helmuth A. Sánchez, Juan C. Maass
P5 to P7 animals were sacrificed by decapitation (n = 20 cochleae). Both cochleae were obtained by skull dissection and brain removal. Both inner ears located in the temporal bone were isolated, and cochleae were delicately extracted. The dissection was performed using a modified bath solution made with (in mM) 138 NaCl, 5 KCl, 6 Glucose and 10 HEPES, pH7.4. and previously filtered and stored at 4 °C. Briefly, the bony tissue is separated from the membranous labyrinth. Next, the tissue is fixed in the basal region and the membrane labyrinth is extended radially out and split from the central modiolus. Then, the sensory epithelium is separated from the stria vascularis and spiral ligament, and finally transferred to a coverslip previously treated with Geltrex (Gibco A1569601, Life Technologies). In some experiments, the stria vascularis was maintained. Once that tissue is attached to the substrate, the coverslip is covered with culture medium (Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium, containing ampicillin (10 μg/ml) and supplemented with 5% FBS and 5% horse serum) and incubated for 24 h at 37 °C with 5% CO2 and 95% humidity. During imaging experiments, cultures were exposed to the same modified bath solution used during dissection.
A comparison study of the 0.1% tretinoin cream versus fractional microneedle radiofrequency combination with fractional CO2 laser for the treatment of striae alba in Indonesian patients
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2021
M. Yulianto Listiawan, Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa, Linda Astari, Iskandar Zulkarnain, Putri Hendria Wardhani, Densy Violina Harnanti
Striae distensae (SD) or stretch marks are linear scar tissue in the dermis that arises from stretching the skin beyond its elastic limit on weak connective tissue (1). There are two types of SD, namely striae rubrae (SR) which is the initial phase and is marked by an erythematous line and striae albae (SA) which is marked with a line hypopigmentation, while the epidermis and dermis atrophy. The most common locations for SD include the stomach, breasts, upper arms, buttocks and thighs (1,2). Striae distensae prevalence is up to 88% in all races. Striae distensae is a skin condition that can cause significant distress and can become a psychological problem, especially for someone with a profession such as a model or actress and in the darker skin type, so that it can hinder work or social life. Stretching that occurs in the epidermis and dermis in SD which is characterized by atrophy can interfere the function of the skin barrier and even disrupt transepidermal water loss [2,3]. Although the causes for the emergence of SD are still not known with certainty, there are several theories explaining the causes and risk factors for SD. Causes of SD include rapid weight change, adolescent puberty growth, local and systemic use of corticosteroids, and Cushing’s syndrome (2, 4). Rapid stretching of the skin that exceeds the elasticity limit results in mechanical stress and inflammation which causes an increase in proteolytic enzymes which results in decreased fibroblast activity and extracellular matrix (ECM) components, this affects the matrix in the dermis and results in reduced collagen and SD formation (5,6).
Missing the early signs of thiamine deficiency. A case associated with a liquid-only diet
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2020
Stamatis Karakonstantis, Despoina Galani, Dafni Korela, Sevasti Maragou, Despoina Arna, Maria Basta
A 23-year-old female with no prior medical history was transferred to the hospital due to fatigue, lethargy, and confusion. The neurologic examination revealed an asymmetric (predominantly left) lateral rectus palsy, horizontal nystagmus, ataxic gait, bilateral limb ataxia (finger-to-nose and heel-to-shin tests), and mild dysarthria. Abdominal striae were also noted, suggestive of weight loss. At admission a non-contrast brain CT was performed, which was normal, followed by lumbar puncture, which was also normal (3 white blood cells, glucose 90 mg/dl with a concurrent blood glucose of 120 mg/dl, and total protein 42.7 mg/dl). The triad of altered mental status, ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia (three of the four Caine’s diagnostic criteria6) raised the suspicion for WE. She was immediately started on intravenous thiamine 500 mg three times daily for 3 days followed by 250 mg daily.7 A brain MRI was performed and revealed findings typical of WE (Fig. 1). Rapid improvement of her symptoms was noted within the next few days She was discharged with oral supplementation of thiamine (100 mg three times daily for 2 weeks followed by a maintenance dose of 100 mg daily8,9) and frequent clinical and psychiatric monitoring.