China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Basic Principles of Laser
Published in Anita Prasad, Laser Techniques in Ophthalmology, 2022
The slit lamp is a high-powered, compound microscope with a long focal length, flexible slit-shaped illumination, and variable magnification, to provide a binocular, stereoscopic, and dynamic view of the eye. Accessory lenses (contact or non-contact) are used for fundal view. Contact lenses offer better control, focus spots, and improved laser safety.
Alternative Tumor-Targeting Strategies
Published in David E. Thurston, Ilona Pysz, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs, 2021
The mechanism of action of temoporfin is similar to that described for porfimer sodium, and involves the production of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which exert a cytotoxic effect. Temoporfin is administered by slow intravenous infusion over at least six minutes, and injection site pain, extravasation, local hemorrhage, skin necrosis, and scarring near the injection site can occur. As with all PDT agents, photosensitivity is a major problem, and patients can remain photosensitive for several weeks after treatment. As with porfimer sodium, sunscreens offer no protection, and so exposure of eyes and skin to bright indoor light or direct sunlight should be avoided for at least 15 days after treatment. In addition, it is recommended that prolonged exposure of the injection site arm to direct sunlight should be avoided for six months after treatment and, if extravasation should occur, this area of skin must be completely protected from light for three months. It is also recommended that ophthalmic slit-lamp examination should not be carried out for 30 days after administration. Not surprisingly, temoporfin is contraindicated in patients with porphyria or other diseases exacerbated by light.
Pathological Processes of the Eye Related to Chemical Exposure
Published in David W. Hobson, Dermal and Ocular Toxicology, 2020
In performing slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination of the eye, the observer is well advised to develop a standard procedure and follow it every time in order to avoid omitting some important part of the evaluation (see Figure 5 for a sample checklist for slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination). The author prefers to begin with the light on full open and, looking through the scope, get an appreciation for the presence or absence of discharge, redness of the adnexa, or small lesions on the cornea. The eyelids are then everted to allow for thorough examination of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctivae for such conditions as injected vasculature or petechial or ecchymotic hemorrhages. With the globe proptosed as much as possible, the light is reduced to the thinnest slit and passed slowly over the corneal surface. The width of the slit as it passes over the cornea gives a good indication of the thickness of the cornea and, thereby, will demonstrate corneal edema if present (see Figure 6). The slit-lamp is then moved toward the animal’s eye and refocused on the lens surface. As the slit of light is passed slowly over the lens surface, any lesion such as cataracts will be visualized.
Successful Treatment of Optic Neuropathy Associated with Sphenoid Sinus Aspergillosis
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2023
Sung-Dong Kim, Hyeshin Jeon, Hee-Young Choi, Kyung Un Choi
A 62-year-old man presented with decreased visual acuity in the right eye for 3 weeks. He had been taking medications for hypertension and denied any other medical history. He had taken oral steroids 60 mg for 2 weeks for optic neuritis diagnosed in another hospital. His visual acuity was counting fingers in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. A total deficit of the visual field and relative afferent pupillary defects were detected in the right eye. There were no abnormal findings on slit-lamp and fundus examinations. HbA1c (7.59%), WBC count (11150 103/uL), and segment neutrophil count (90.8%) were elevated; there were no other abnormal laboratory test findings. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed that aeration of the right sphenoid sinus extended to the right clinoid process accompanied by sinusitis, and diffuse enhancement around the right optic canal was observed in the T1-weighted image (Figure 1). A computed tomography (CT) scan of the paranasal sinuses revealed sinusitis with erosive changes in the lateral wall of the right sphenoid sinus, which was suspected to be invasive fungal sinusitis (Figure 2a).
Orbital nodular fasciitis in the pediatric population: a case report and review of the literature
Published in Orbit, 2023
Ana Navarrete, Arie Maya, Stephanie Benshushan, Shay Ofir, Yael Deckel, Zvi Gur
A 10-month-old, otherwise healthy, female infant presented to our clinic with a three week history of a rapidly enlarging mass in her upper right lid (RUL) (Figure 1). The parents denied a history of trauma or any other abnormalities of the eyelid prior to the growth’s onset. Examination revealed a palpable, painless, firm, oval, non-mobile orbital mass in the temporal aspect of the RUL, measuring 1.5 × 1.5 cm and with a resulting mechanical ptosis of the RUL. No other abnormal findings were found during slit lamp examination. An ultrasonography of the lesion showed a solid 12x8x10mm hypoechogenic, heterogeneous mass with irregular borders, mild fluid, and vascularization in the margin and center of the lesion (Figure 2). A computed tomography (CT) scan from an outside facility revealed a homogenous, well-defined, oval-shaped lesion in the RUL, measuring 10x18x10mm and with an avidly enhancing matrix (Figure 3).
Comparison of Digital Camera Real-Time Display with Conventional Teaching Tube for Slit Lamp Microscopy Teaching
Published in Current Eye Research, 2022
Zijing Huang, Jianling Yang, Hongxi Wang, Chi Pui Pang, Haoyu Chen
Adequate ophthalmic training is also needed in emergency services, which is a rapidly increasing concern.5 In emergency services in China, ocular trauma is a major burden. Consequently, adequate training in ophthalmology is vital for patient care and proper primary treatment affects the prognosis.6 In real-life clinical practice in the emergency department and outpatient clinics for eye patients, slit-lamp microscope is the most used equipment. It consists of a high-intensity slit beam light source providing an optical section and a microscope magnifying the morphology. Slit-lamp microscopy is an essential tool in ophthalmic investigations and for the diagnosis of eye diseases. Teaching slit-lamp microscopy should be included in medical school and junior residency education.