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Order Amarillovirales
Published in Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier, Virus-Like Particles, 2022
Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier
Purdy et al. (2004) expressed in mammalian CHO cells the prM-E genes and purified the corresponding extracellular VLPs of Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV). The ease of production, safety, adequate sensitivity for detection of true positives, and low cross-reactivity in ELISA screening of patient serum samples made the SLEV VLPs preferable to traditionally used antigens derived from suckling mouse brain preparations.
New Trends in Antiviral Therapy of CNS Infections
Published in Sunit K. Singh, Daniel Růžek, Neuroviral Infections, 2013
Some viral infections of the CNS can be prevented by active immunization. This is the case of rabies that can be prevented with a vaccine obtained from cells infected with attenuated virus. Rabies active immunization is efficient to protect high-risk individuals potentially exposed to rabies virus, such as laboratory staff, veterinarians, and animal control workers (Wiktor et al. 1984). Instead, vaccines against neuropathogenic flavivirus are in general still under development. The most important flavivirus CNS diseases are WNV encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis (JE), Saint Louis encephalitis, Murray Valley encephalitis, and CNS manifestations associated with dengue (Domingues 2009; Domingues and Teixeira 2009; Solomon 2003). There are no specific antiviral agents for the treatment of any of these CNS infections. The management of such disease is based exclusively in the control of the complications of these infections, including seizures, hyponatremia, and raised intracranial pressure (Solomon et al. 2007). These infections are brought to humans by an infected vector, but the adequate control of vectors by eliminating potential reservoirs and the use of larvicides are not easy and have not efficiently prevented these diseases (Sejvar 2007). Consequently, the development of vaccines would be the only effective way to significantly reduce the incidence of these potentially fatal infections in many parts of the world.
Production and Characterization of Two Specific ZIKV Antigens Based on Bioinformatic Analysis and Serological Screening
Published in Immunological Investigations, 2023
Rafael Ribeiro Mota Souza, Gubio Soares Campos, Rejane Hughes Carvalho, Isabela Brandão Peixoto, Rafaela Santos Galante, Luan Santana Moreira, Silvana Beutinger Marchioro, Roberto José Meyer Nascimento, Silvia Ines Sardi
To identify ZIKV-specific peptides, multiple sequence alignments (MSA) were performed, using amino acid sequences from the E and NS1 proteins of ZIKV, YFV, Ilheus virus (ILHV), Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), Japanese encephalitis (JEV), WNV, and the four dengue virus serotypes (DENV1–4). The MSA were performed using the MUSCLE tool in MEGA X software and were visualized in the GENEDOC software to highlight the non-conserved regions among the flaviviruses. The sequences used in the alignments are described in Supplementary Table S1. From the highlighted regions, ZIKV peptides were selected for identity analysis by BLASTp, from the National Center of Biotechnology (NCBI). The same regions selected for identity analysis were also evaluated on epitope prediction test by linear epitope prediction and Emini surface accessibility prediction methods of the servers: B-cell epitope prediction server (BCPREDS) (Chen et al. 2007; El-Manzalawy et al. 2008) and scale-based b cell epitope prediction from the IEDB Analysis Resource (Ponomarenko and Bourne 2007).