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Restless Legs
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder in the nervous system that causes unpleasant and uncomfortable sensations in the legs and an irresistible urge to move them. Moving the legs or walking eases the urge and discomfort temporarily. Most patients also experience involuntary periodic limb movements. Since symptoms increase in severity during the night, these urges and movements seriously interfere with sleep. That is why some doctors consider RLS to be a sleep disorder. In most cases, doctors do not know the cause of this disorder.
Disorders
Published in Jonathan P Rogers, Cheryl CY Leung, Timothy RJ Nicholson, Pocket Prescriber Psychiatry, 2019
Jonathan P Rogers, Cheryl CY Leung, Timothy RJ Nicholson
Parasomnias cover a wide range of sleep disturbances and can occur in REM (nightmare disorder, REM sleep behaviour disorder) or non-REM (sleep terrors, sleepwalking) sleep. Night terrors (pavor nocturnus) are distinguished from nightmares by autonomic arousal and a lack of recollection. Somnambulism (sleepwalking) can involve familiar activities such as washing or making tea; it can be precipitated by drugs such as alcohol, hypnotics and lithium. REM behaviour disorder (RBD) is characterised by vivid dreams and failure of the normal skeletal muscle paralysis during REM sleep, resulting in acting out of dreams; it is associated with Lewy body disorders. Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is characterised by an irresistible urge to move one's legs, usually while trying to sleep; it is associated with renal impairment, iron deficiency anaemia, pregnancy and many psychotropic drugs (e.g. SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, mirtazapine and antipsychotics).
Common problems in pregnancy
Published in Anne Lee, Sally Inch, David Finnigan, Therapeutics in Pregnancy and Lactation, 2019
Restless legs syndrome may occur during pregnancy. It is an uncomfortable condition commonly described as creeping or crawling sensations deep within the legs which may be relieved by walking. Patients should be advised that symptoms remit after delivery. The condition may be associated with underlying anaemia; if this is corrected the symptoms usually remit.
Restless legs syndrome and related factors in people with multiple sclerosis in Turkey
Published in Neurological Research, 2022
Asiye Tuba Ozdogar, Ozge Ertekin, Turhan Kahraman, Cavid Baba, Serkan Ozakbas
Our study has shown that the prevalence of restless legs syndrome was higher in pwMS when compared to the healthy controls. There was no association between the presence of restless legs syndrome and gender, body mass index, and subtype of MS regardless frequency of symptoms. On the other hand, age, disease duration, and EDSS scores can be considered related factors with restless legs syndrome in MS, especially those with high-frequency symptoms. However, there was no association between the severity of restless legs syndrome and age, disease duration, and disability in high and low frequency groups. The current study supports the finding that restless legs syndrome is highly prevalent in pwMS. Also, the risk of developing restless legs syndrome depends on clinical and demographic characteristics of patients, such as age, disease duration, and disability level. Detailed evaluation of patients who have frequent restless legs syndrome symptoms will help to understand the pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome and aid in the treatment and prevention of this disorder.
Contemporary challenges in the diagnosis and management of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2022
Pain, cramps, and unpleasant sensory symptoms, although unusual in early stages and often suggestive of other diagnoses, may become prominent and require targeted therapy [98]. Fatigue is very common and likely to result from multiple factors, including neuropsychological, with no demonstrated relation to the degree of peripheral nerve damage, and no evidence-based drugs [99]. Hence, fatigue-management programmes with multidisciplinary involvement are ideal in such cases, although frequently unavailable. Tremor is uncommonly severe but may be disabling in some patients in whom it may be considered the predominant symptom [100]. Treatments used which mirror those for essential tremor, are of variable effect, but perseverance is appropriate in highly symptomatic individuals. Restless legs syndrome may be common and occasionally disturbingly symptomatic but respond well to available therapies [101]. Neuropsychiatric manifestations, including anxiety and depression may occur linked to understandable difficulties coming to terms with a long-term disabling disease, but with also, in turn, direct consequences on physical function, treatment response and its amplitude, as well as the applicability of patient reported outcome measures [102]. Targeted treatment is highly desirable and may be very helpful in contributing to global improvement.
Statistical shape analysis of corpus callosum in restless leg syndrome
Published in Neurological Research, 2020
Deniz Sigirli, Aygul Gunes, Senem Turan Ozdemir, Ilker Ercan, Yavuz Durmus, Basak Erdemli Gursel
The restless legs syndrome has been described in an idiopathic form with unknown origin or in symptomatic forms often associated with iron deficiency, pregnancy, end-stage renal disease, polyneuropathy, spinal disorders, and rheumatoid arthritis. The syndrome could also be described as a complex disorder which is influenced by genetic and environmental factors [8,9]. Although there are inconsistencies between the findings, several studies have provided useful information for understanding the pathophysiology of RLS using a variety of imaging techniques. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies using quantitative structural techniques such as voxel based morphometry (VBM), surface based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) analysis, have focused on the evaluation of the gray and white matter of central nervous system in restless legs syndrome patients.